Decorative stucco in the interior: Empire style, Baroque, Art Nouveau, Classicism style. Fretwork in the interior of the apartment: stucco ornament, three-dimensional 3d panels, bas-reliefs, stucco with your own hands. Repair of stucco molding

Until recently, gypsum fragments of decor acting on the walls and ceiling were extremely popular. Interest in them, with repair of apartments, it is noted in our days, although modern decorators often prefer not heavy plaster moldings, but elements made of light polyurethane. Of course, not all template factory products can claim the uniqueness and refinement that are inherent in hand-made plaster moldings. To really understand and appreciate the difference between the finished stucco molding and manual, it is necessary to conduct a comparative analysis and understand all the nuances, pros and cons of these technologies.

Stucco Styles

Determined with the design of their own housing, the owners are trying to withstand all its components in one style. Those who want to emphasize in the interior of the house representativeness and solidity designers recommend paying attention to a special kind of decor - artistic stucco.

Gypsum stucco fits perfectly into the stylized atmospheres of earlier times. Stucco fits perfectly with almost all styles and absolutely does not load space (although only in cases when it is correctly selected). It naturally identifies the nuances of any of the styles and makes it possible to make each room unique in its kind.

stucco in the style of Empire

Style Empire emerged in France in the XIX century. He associates imperial luxury, since his main motives are classical classicism and architecture of that time.

The main differences of this style are:

• wealth,
• pomposity,
• solemnity.

In creating an interior, Empire always uses gilding. Furniture of this style is always made from precious wood and decorated with drapes, murals, engravings, various ornaments from metal.

Colors used in this style:

• deep red,
• rich in gold,
• the purest white,
• the noblest brown.

Distinctive fragments of the stucco of Empire:

• more attributes of war - wreaths from the laurel, eagles in heraldic execution, spears, swords, shields;
• decorated decorations - palmettes, symbolism associated revolution, arabesques, Etruscan motifs;
• the door panel is often decorated with a painted female figure in the style of ancient Roman painting.

stucco molding

It so happened that the Baroque in a greater degree - this is a certain way of life, and then an architectural style. It is characterized by splendor, officiality and festivity.

The characteristic fragments of the Baroque style are a variety of decorative elements and a visual enlargement of the space achieved through the use of various sculptures, domes with several tiers, colonnades, pilasters. The main part of this decor is a large mirror decorated with gold or stucco, and in addition to it - fresco painting.

The colors used in the creation of the baroque are preferably pastel:

• lactic,
• all shades of pink and blue,
• warm yellow.

The accent in the forms is done on the circle and roundness, rectangular details and ovals.

Above all, an integral part of the Baroque remains architectural stucco.

Stucco molding in Baroque is characterized by:

• voluminous stucco fragments - niches, cartouches, statues, vases, columns;
• coating of individual fragments of decor with gilding or gold leaf;
• in the ornaments, in general, attention is focused on dynamics and expressiveness, there are also motifs of vegetable origin: flowers, fruits, branches with foliage, wreaths;
• the presence of many intricate and figured patterns, characters from ancient mythology.

stucco in the style of classicism

Classicism - this style is still considered to be the most relevant and not subject to changes in fashion trends. The classics were and are in demand in everything.

Classicism in the modern interior is characterized by restraint and simplicity, harmony and symmetry. The main task of the classical style is the preservation of the main line, the maintenance of harmony and balance between color and forms, the expression of a certain color complemented by modern materials.

The main color palette: noble shades and calm tones:

• soft blue,
• green,
• variations of pink,
• purple,
• and, of course, gold.

The peculiarity of classicism is:

• columns,
• mirrors,
• stucco molding.

Stucco in classicism is expressed: narrow cornices, pilasters, semi-columns and columns, porticos and sculptures.

Ornamental decorations are geometrically distinct:

• straight lines,
• rectangles,
• squares,
• ovals and circles.

In addition, there are ancient motifs, requisites of agriculture, love symbolism.

stucco in the style of Art Nouveau

The Art Nouveau style began its formation in the period of changes and changes. It was a successful composite composition of painting, sculpture and decoration. Modern is a combination of softness, dynamism and asymmetry.

Style colors:

• gentle and light shades of green,
• purple,
• pearl,
• the whole palette of gray,
• ocher,
• gold.

The style is modern in character because it lacks right angles, but at the same time it is rather decorative and functional.

In the Art Nouveau style, attention is focused on stucco molding, executed smoothly and flexibly with the use of plant themes. The most frequently used ornaments are all related to nature (variations of lilies, a variety of fish, running water, shells and so on).

Fretwork in the interior

Stucco molding, whether it is plaster or polyurethane, in fact is able to transform beyond recognition even the most ordinary city apartment.

During the repair can be installed a variety of decor elements:

• plinth and sockets,
• statues, cornices or caissons.

In our time, for the finishing of apartments is often used stucco from polyurethane, its appeal to the consumer is determined by:

• long service life,
• light weight products of any size,
• resistance to temperature changes,
• simplicity of installation,
• the ability to maintain an attractive appearance for a long time,
• easy cleaning of dirt and dust,
• ecological compatibility.

For example, with the help of decorative stucco, it is quite possible to simulate a caisson made of wood on the ceiling. To do this, you will need:

• make a frame of the same cells throughout the ceiling area,
• the ends are decorated with baguettes from gypsum.

The design of this option will require a much smaller amount than for the design of a similar version of wood. And the visual perception of such a ceiling will be much easier and more refined.

With regard to color solutions - there is no point in resorting to a combination of different colors, because modern interpretation of gypsum works implies minimal color experiments.

Whatever option of using stucco is not chosen by the owners of the apartment, in any case they can give their home elegance and sophistication, hide some of the shortcomings and irregularities available on the surfaces of walls and ceilings.

Decorative elements - plaster moldings on the walls, or bas-reliefs

Skillful handling of gypsum material and tools to work with it will make it possible to carry out almost any imagination in creating a bas-relief. If desired, gypsum bas-reliefs can be made sufficiently voluminous (projecting 2-3 or more cm from the surface). In addition, the wall can be decorated with a landscape, the look of which for some reason fell in love with the owners. Fans of other areas of painting, landscape, can be replaced with a still-life or abstraction. In other words, the image should please both owners and other visitors of the house.

Before drawing any image on the wall, it makes sense to make a preliminary sketch. This will help to understand exactly how the completed composition will look. While creating an interior design, after determining the exact location of the bas-relief, you need to consider the lighting points at night. If the decorative lighting is installed both in the upper part and in the lower one, the composition will turn out to be more voluminous and emphasized. Only in this version of lighting can you achieve a profitable play of shadows and light.

Fretwork in the interior of the apartment

When creating an interior with the presence of stucco, it is worth remembering that all significant items are framed and accentuated. Even at the planning stage it is necessary to determine what exactly will act as a central composition or what will become the main element attracting maximum attention. In addition, attention can be attracted by molding a frame to an expensive or worthy thing. For example, you can make an elegant frame around the place where the TV or computer monitor is supposed to be placed. The edges of this frame can be made as rectangular, and to give them a more rounded shape with the help of special pre-made billets.

With regard to the coloring of the walls with the stucco placed on them: experts advise adhering to painting in one color and walls and stucco moldings. But variations are possible in which tonal shades look very profitable and appropriate. The main thing is not to allow too much contrast transition.

Stucco molding, ceiling decoration

The work on the decoration of the gypsum ceiling is the simplest and most pleasant. In the work of such a plan there is no attachment to production standards, patterns and sizes. In this work, there is an opportunity to think through and make all the details based only on personal criteria and desires. In cases where a similar work is performed by qualified specialists, they are faced with a clearly stated task of translating their ideas into reality.

We must not forget about the composition plan and symmetry. The ceiling view from the bottom should be ideal, thought out, and all small details should be precisely verified. Otherwise, all the work done can go wrong.

Working with the stucco, you need to be as scrupulous as possible and verify absolutely everything. Each fragment should be located in its place and is in interaction and harmony with other elements. In painting ceiling moldings, there is no point in resorting to playing colors and shades. The best option is to take a monochrome and a simple white color and paint them like a ceiling cloth, and stucco.

Do not forget about the height of the ceiling. Leading designers argue that the greater the distance from floor to ceiling, the more voluminous and expressive can be done stucco.

Decor walls with 3D panels

3D panels have been on the construction market for several years. But in recent years their popularity has increased significantly. They produce them, as before, from gypsum, and the technologies for their production have made a significant step forward.

Now they have become lighter and more rational. If such a variant of voluminous stucco suits the owners, then it is enough to buy the necessary quantity of ready samples, install them, and then paint them in the desired color or shade.

Stucco with your own hands

Starting the selection of fragments that will be present in the interior, first of all you will need to decide on the material from which they will be made. For example, modern design of the ceiling space, in almost all cases, provides for a gypsum socket located around the lighting device.

Before starting the work on finishing the ceiling with gypsum stucco, it is necessary to have a full set of appropriate tools and the necessary raw materials.

How to decorate the stucco center with your own hand

From the tools you need:

• kneading tank
• sandpaper
• PVC molds
• spatulas.

The classic design of alabaster or gypsum is as follows:

• alabaster or gypsum is kneaded to a powdery state; not kneaded lumps are to be removed from the total mass; After that, cold water is added to the resulting powder; the final consistency of the solution should resemble thick kefir;
• a well-mixed solution is filled with pre-prepared forms; to avoid the formation of voids in the forms, the solution must be carefully compacted with a spatula, the mold itself should be pretreated with a special lubricant that will prevent the adhesion of the gypsum;
• after a while (about 15 minutes at room temperature), the frozen article is removed from the mold; after drying, the surface of the product is sanded with fine-grained emery paper;
• the use of heating devices for such work is strictly forbidden because of the possibility of cracks and chips appearing on the product;
• the resulting decorated product is fixed to the ceiling or wall surface with the help of a mounting glue; The joints are sealed with putty, and after completely drying, they are cleaned;
• further, if desired, you can make the stucco painting in the desired color or give a light tint.

Repair of stucco on the ceiling

In the process of operation, any kind of decorative finishing of the room begins to lose its attractiveness, i.e. Over time, it will require repair or restoration work.

If it is required to repair the stucco molding on the ceiling or walls, the procedure will be as follows:

• complete cleaning of the gypsum surface of the décor from previously deposited whitewash or paint layers, you can use cutters to perform the work, in order to simplify the process of removing the paint, its surface is moistened with a conventional paint brush;
• removal of dust from the cleaned surface and impregnation with a primer;
• after the drying of the primer - the reconstruction of the destroyed fragments with the help of gypsum interior putty, removal of all cracks, scratches and chips;
• bringing each fragment to perfection with special cutters and sandpaper;
• repeated application of the primer,
• staining the stucco or coating it with gilding.