Quite often there is a situation when the already established and seemingly strong foundation of an apartment building begins to settle, creep away, give slack. As a result - the appearance of cracks in the walls, partial deformation and even the destruction of the building. Therefore, as soon as even minor damage to the base of the house was noticed, it is necessary to quickly repair or strengthen the foundation.
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Reasons for the destruction of the foundation
The reasons why the foundation starts to collapse are as follows:
- Reconstruction of the house, during which the mass of the building, and, accordingly, the load on the foundation, increased significantly.
- Construction next to another building, which exerts additional pressure on the base of a nearby house.
- Deterioration of strength of foundation materials during operation.
- If work has been done to level the building due to its deformation or roll.
- Blur the foundation with groundwater or as a result of high water
- Freezing of the soil, its heterogeneous composition.
The reasons can be much more, here we have resulted only the basic and most widespread.
Methods of strengthening foundations
Repair and reinforcement of foundations are carried out in various ways, depending on the type of building, foundation, soil, degree of damage, etc.
The most common are:
- Create a reinforced concrete clip or shirt.
- Installation of additional structures, reinforcement reinforcement.
- Cementation.
- Installation of unloading beams, racks, frames.
- Installation of braces, clamps, puffs.
- Replacement of the structure in whole or in part.
- Strengthening the foundation with piles.
The latter method will be considered in more detail in the framework of this article.
Strengthening the foundation of the existing house with screw piles
This method is considered to be one of the fastest and most economical in terms of finances and time. It allows not only to leave the house in its old place, but also eliminates the need to even partially disassemble the building.
It should be noted that the foundation repair with piles is most often used for country houses. This method is best suited for the repair of foundations of wooden buildings, built of logs, logs, as well as for frame-panel houses.
There are situations when it is enough simply to strengthen the existing foundation, but more often than not, major repairs or even a complete replacement of the building base are needed.
And repair with screw piles is almost ideal for a small country house.
What is this method?
In the course of work, a composite construction is created that combines piles, channel bars and I-beams. All this together is a new full foundation.
First of all, a plan is drawn up that must take into account a number of factors: the type of soil, the load on all sections of the structure, the marking of the places for screwing in the piles, the depth of freezing, the terrain, the depth and the level of groundwater rise, etc.
Based on the calculations performed, piles of a certain type are selected in the required quantity.
Repair work begins with raising the building to the required height above the ground. This allows you to easily carry out further actions.
Raising the house is carried out using I-beams and jacks with the subsequent installation on specially prepared supports.
Sometimes it becomes necessary to dismantle the floors in some places, or to remove fragments of the old foundation.
After the preparatory work is completed, screw piles are mounted. They are twisted in pre-calculated places along the main walls.
Once the piles are screwed, a channel is installed on them, which play the role of a future support for the I-beams.
Beams are welded together in a metal frame. After the frame is made, the house simply gently falls on it.
If necessary, the building is under repair. The old foundation, if desired, can be completely dismantled as unnecessary. Metal construction of the new foundation must be carefully painted in 3-4 layers to avoid corrosion.
Advantages of repairing the foundation of a house with piles
This, first, a significant saving of time and money.
In addition, this method is quite simple and reliable. Bearing piles for their strength characteristics are not inferior to concrete, and their installation is much faster, easier and cheaper.
In general, this method is considered one of the easiest and easiest ways to create a new foundation for an existing building. All work can be done both with the help of technology, and manually.
Another undoubted advantage of screw piles is durability.
Piles do not change their physical characteristics for a very long time, and will serve such a foundation with proper care for about a hundred years.
Itself repair of the foundation with piles will not take more than 4 days - depending on the type of soil, the availability of additional work and the degree of their complexity. If you compare, for example, with a ribbon foundation, then work on its arrangement will take at least 2 weeks. The advantage of piles is obvious, and the workers will not be too long to blame your eyes on the dacha section.
If the cottage is small and light, then you can completely repair the foundation with piles. Although, of course, it is better to turn to professionals who will do everything quickly, qualitatively and with the guarantee that your house will remain on the new foundation for a very long time.
And the cost of repairing the foundation is not so high as to save on quality.
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