Means for protecting wood, protecting wood from decay, insects, fire

Wood is a good building material. It has good heat capacity and sound insulation properties. However, it is quite vulnerable to various insects, putrefaction and fungi. Also, the wood burns well. Therefore, the construction of this building material must be processed special formulations. About what compositions are offered to the consumer and how they correctly process the material, let's talk about this article.

Rotting of wood

Rotting is often the reason for the deterioration of wooden structures. It occurs when the wood pulp is decomposed by destructive fungi and microorganisms. This process can also be triggered by the following factors: a hot and humid climate; access to oxygen; the moisture content of the wood itself is higher than 18-20%.
  These factors accelerate the process of decay, creating a beneficial environment for microorganisms. There are four stages of wood decay, according to which it can be determined whether it is suitable for use or requires replacement.

1. The initial structure of the tree and strength are preserved. There is a change in color to olive, violet-gray or reddish brown.
2. Developed on the surface of the material appear cracks or holes. Bright lines of the mushroom mycelium appear on a brown background.
3. The final tree begins to collapse, losing its strength.
4. Mechanical destruction of wood.

Of course, this can be avoided. Now the market has many tools that will help fight fungi and microorganisms. Their use will help to maintain the strength and excellent appearance of the wood.

protection of wood from decay

In our country, very popular houses built of wood. This material not only has good physical properties, but also is environmentally friendly. The only drawback of wood is the susceptibility to putrefaction. But this problem can be successfully combated. The wooden surface can be protected in several ways:

• steam and heat insulation will successfully protect the wood from condensation of moisture on its surface;
• paints and varnishes will protect from atmospheric precipitation.

The first point must be met at the stage of building construction. Work on steam and heat insulation of the structure should be trusted by professionals who will do everything correctly. The most popular means for protection from decay are made in the form of paints and varnishes. They not only provide protection for the wood, but also give it an attractive appearance. The varnish treatment will help prevent cracking, and give the wood a glossy or matt appearance. Also, the varnish will help to fight the fading of the material. The market currently has a large selection of impregnation from the decay of wood. They are produced both by foreign firms and by domestic producers. For example, a quality solution of the Russian production "Sagus" protects the tree from decay, giving it a natural appearance. The price for a liter of the composition is 90 rubles. Also very popular are "Neomid" and "League Bioshit". The first means fights well with all kinds of fungi and helps even in very advanced stages. The cost of "Neomid" can reach 700 rubles per 5 kg. "League Bioshit" is in no way inferior to the previous composition and is much cheaper from 103 rubles for 5 kg. Using these tools, it is possible to prevent the appearance and spread of rot or significantly improve the condition of an already damaged wooden structure.

Fire retardant for wood

Refractory compounds for wood are divided into:

• impregnation;
• paints;
• varnishes.

Paints and varnishes are applied to the surface with the help of brushes or rollers. Under the influence of heat or open fire, they swell on the surface. This helps to impede the spread of the flame over the wood. Impregnations are used for surface or deep processing of the material. The principle of the effect of impregnation is to replace and absorb energy, which helps to slow down the burning process. With high-quality impregnation, bringing fire to a tree, ignition does not occur, and after a while the surface smolder. Once the open fire is removed, smoldering stops by itself. All compounds are divided into three groups of fire protection:

• Group I -wood becomes difficult to burn;
• II group -wood is difficult to ignite;
• III group -means of ineffective fire protection.

When buying any formulations, you need to pay attention to the fire safety group. Remember, the smaller it is, the more effective the composition.

impregnation for wood

Now the market offers a large selection of refractory impregnations for wood. All of them are significantly different in price. So in the market you can find cheap compositions "OGNEDOS". Their cost is 23 25 rubles per liter. Impregnation under the name "NEOMID" will cost from 63 rubles per liter. This product has a second group of fire protection and will ensure a uniform and high quality coating of wooden structures.

Protection of wood from insects

The most common situation is damage to the tree by insects. The most common pests are bark beetles, grinders, weevils and other beetles and their larvae. They lay strokes in wooden structures, which leads to softening and physical destruction of the tree. There are several ways to control insect pests.
Resin. It must be applied with a conventional paint brush on the damaged surface or inserted into the preheating passages. This is a fairly long and time-consuming process. In addition, the resin on the walls of the wooden house will not look very aesthetic. And the specific odor remains for a long time, it must be taken into account when processing indoors.
Chemicals, so-called insecticides. Use them must be extremely cautious, otherwise you can cause harm to the health of people living in the house and animals. As a rule, they are produced on the basis of potent substances: arsenic, chlorine, sulfur, mineral oils, etc. Therefore, an overdose of such a product is dangerous, and it is better to trust professionals in this field. There are also safer ways approved by Sanitary Surveillance.
Preparations on fluoride or silicofluoride sodium. They are more safe for humans and are produced commercially. These funds are perfect for disinfection of both wooden furniture parts and premises in wooden houses.
  When using any means against insects, it is necessary to observe safety measures. This will help to avoid unpleasant consequences.

Impregnation of antiseptic

Antiseptics are necessary protective equipment for wood. They are designed to keep it from fungi, rot and mold. It is especially important to treat facades of wooden houses with antiseptics. After all, they are subjected to sudden temperature changes, precipitation and other unfavorable factors for the tree. You can apply antiseptic as a brush, and spray on the surface. The composition penetrates deep into the wood, forming a protective layer. The quality composition is applied once for many years. For example, the antiseptic "Drevoteks" provides reliable protection against mold fungi, putrefaction and even insects. The composition is colorless and odorless. It penetrates deep into the wood and is able to prevent the already begun damage processes. The treatment should last for 30 years in severe operating conditions. The price for ten liters of the composition is 770 rubles. Also on the market are antiseptics of the brand "SINEZH". They will provide reliable protection to all wooden structures and individual elements of furniture. The price of a five-kilogram package of this money is 410 rubles.

Wood processing

After the construction of a wooden house or bath, it is necessary to treat all surfaces from pests and fungi. This procedure can be carried out in different ways:

1. immersion in special solutions at the stage of preparation for the erection of the building;
2. spraying ready-made structures.

Of course, the first option gives more effective protection and a high degree of penetration of the compounds into the depth of the wood. But if the house is already built for a temporary measure, spraying will do. Before processing, it is necessary to clean the surfaces of dust and dirt, and then apply impregnations. This is usually done several times at intervals of 15 minutes. There are several basic rules for impregnation:

• we clean the wooden surface from dust and dirt;
• sandpaper remove the gaps;
• wash boards with warm water with any detergent;
• let the surface dry;
• apply protection as indicated in the instructions.

During the treatment, care must be taken to ensure that the product does not fall on the exposed skin and eyes. If this happens it is necessary to wash it off immediately, in order to avoid chemical burns. It is also necessary to protect respiratory organs with a respirator. It is best to spray surfaces in a special protective suit. This will quickly and, most importantly, safely handle the wooden surfaces.

This article describes the most frequent damage to wooden structures. Describes the processes and tools that can successfully cope with a particular problem. Using the advice of the article, you can choose the necessary treatment and safely apply it on the surface of the structure.