A metal garage is one of the simplest and most inexpensive options for arranging a "home" for a car. Provided that it will be built according to all necessary requirements, one of which is the insulation of the garage. Today, metal garages are warmed, mainly by familiar, classical heat insulators. However, the modern market of building materials can offer a lot of new materials that have excellent operational and thermal insulation characteristics. Warming the metal garage with your own hands is not such a difficult task. How to do it, and what materials to use for insulation - read below.
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Materials for thermal insulation of metal garage
Most often for thermal insulation of metal structures, including garages, the following heat insulators are used:
Polyurethane foam.
For the application of polyurethane foam it is necessary to use special equipment. With the help of this heat insulator it is possible to really warm the garage, and the service life of polyurethane foam is estimated in tens of years. It can be confidently stated that for at least 70 years peno-half-urethane coating will perform its functions. This is one of the best materials for the insulation of metal structures at the moment.
Penoizol.
To put it simply, penoizol is a foam plastic in liquid form. The material is rather durable, and is capable of retaining heat for about 40 years. Penoizol is not afraid of moisture, it is resistant to high temperatures, which is very important for a garage.
AstraTech.
A liquid heat insulator that is applied to metal surfaces in the same way as a conventional paint - with a brush or roller. The layer of the astra- lathe one millimeter thick has the same thermal insulation characteristics as 500 m of mineral wool. If you plan to use this material, you need to remember that its consumption is quite large and is about 0.5 liters per one square meter of surface. All of the above-mentioned modern thermal insulation materials are undoubtedly very effective and durable, but in most cases the car owner will have to abandon their use, since it is unreasonably expensive. Excellent, when the insulation for the garage can last for 50 years or more, but which owner of the garage will look forward to such a long time, when a tidy sum for the insulation must be laid out now?
Therefore, metal garages are most often insulated with the most affordable and cheap material - polystyrene foam. At the same time, fewer money is spent than buying and applying ultramodern thermal insulation materials. For example, to heat one square meter of a metal surface with foam plastic, you need to spend less than 800 rubles. An important advantage of metal garages is that there is no need for a strong foundation. In most cases, it is enough to pour a concrete pad with the necessary dimensions. To do this, I remove the soil layer to a depth of about 30 cm, clean the bottom, spill it with sand and rammer. Next, a grid is installed from the reinforcement and formwork along the perimeter of the excavation.
The foundation for a metal garage should be above the ground level by at least 15 cm so that water does not get inside the room. Warming of the foundation in this case is not necessary.
How to insulate the garage from the inside
If we talk about the insulation of the walls of the metal garage from the inside, then work must be done in a certain sequence. First of all make a skeleton for plates of a heater. The entire process in this case can be divided into several stages.
Before you start, you need to buy a building tool. Acquisition of the instrument, at present, is not a problem. Even if the building site is away from civilization, the tool can be purchased through online stores such as http://technoportal.ru/. And you need to buy a screwdriver, a drill, a grinder, etc., without fail. After acquiring the necessary tool, we proceed to work:
Preparation of a heatable metal surface, cleaning the walls. Installation of a false wall made of plasterboard, the frame of which will be used for laying the heat-insulating material. To create the frame, you need the guides (UD) and the wall profile (CD). Installation of UD racks (0.25-0.30 m) to the ceiling or floor is made using dowels. The CD profile is fixed using special hangers, while observing a 0.6 m step. The mounting hangers are mounted on the wall approximately every 30 centimeters. Subsequently, a gypsum board covering is mounted to these suspensions.
In the process of warming the metal garage, not only drywall can be used as a liner for a heat-insulating layer. Quite often insulated walls are covered with asbestos fibers.
This material has good fire resistance, but, at the same time, it is quite brittle, therefore, when mounting the frame, the step between the posts should be done less.
After the frame is ready, proceed to laying the heater. To insulate the metal garage as a classic thermal insulator, it is recommended to use mineral wool plates or glass wools - they keep the heat well and do not burn, while the foam, although cheaper, is a combustible material, and releases toxic substances during ignition. Plates of mineral wool laid in the frame (the distance between the racks should be made to the size of the plates of insulation, so you do not have to cut the slab in size).
After this, a layer of vapor barrier material is attached to the frame. Joints of sheets of the vapor barrier must be glued with adhesive tape.
Much easier and faster can be insulated metal garage with the help of liquid insulation, using, for example, heat-insulating paint or foamed polyurethane foam - the most affordable and popular liquid heaters.
In specialized stores you can find quite a wide range of liquid heat-insulating paints: thermos, isolate, etc.
To warm the metal garage with a foam of foam is used the so-called foam generator. This device foams the heat insulator, which in liquid state is applied to the insulated surface. Liquid foam quickly dries up, forming a solid crust, which tightly adheres to the metal surface.
As already mentioned above, the cheapest and simple material for the insulation of metal garage is foam. If glue is used to fix the foam plates, you should carefully consider the preparation of the metal surface - carefully clean it from dust, dirt, rust and always degrease. Only in this way will it be possible to provide a durable and qualitative fastening of the heater. The slots between the plates are easiest to blow out with usual mounting foam. After that, the foam layer is covered with any available finishing material.
Warming of the garage door
Warming metal garage, do not forget to take care of the gate, because through them a lot of heat evaporates from the room. Experienced builders advise doing in one of the doors the door to each time entering the room or leaving it, do not open the gate completely.
In addition, a special curtain can be installed from the inside to the garage door, which will prevent heat leakage.
Excellent material for the veil is a clear plastic, it allows you to see the space in front of the garage when leaving. You can use a thick polyethylene film. The material for the curtain is cut into wide stripes, about 30 cm. The stripes should not reach the garage floor about 1 cm. This is necessary in order not to tear them away from the fastening when the car moves.
Strips are fastened above the gate to the wooden strip using a stapler. Each strip should form with the next overlap, a minimum of 1.5 cm. The veil, made in this way, at each entrance and exit of the car from the garage, will return to its original position, while retaining heat.
However, for complete insulation of one curtain is not enough, you need to take care of the thermal insulation of the door leaf. The easiest way to do this is with the same foam. It can be secured with or without a crate, by gluing sheets to the door leaf.
If the foam is fixed on a wooden crate, then all its elements immediately before attaching are treated with special impregnations against mold and fungus. Sheathing foam is made by any available material - you can use plates of fiberboard, plywood, thin boards, etc. Priming such a cladding can be a normal heated linseed oil.
In order to prevent the penetration of cold through the gaps in the junction of the gate, use a rubber seal. The metal surface in contact with the rubber sealant must be treated with an anti-corrosive compound to avoid condensation.
Warming of the ceiling in a metal garage
In addition to walls and gates, the thermal insulation of the ceiling is a prerequisite for the quality of the insulation of the garage space. The ceiling of the metal garage must be insulated from both sides - outside and inside. So it will be possible to achieve maximum effect from heat insulation works. Outside, the ceilings of metal garages are usually insulated using paint materials.
But for domestic work, several options are possible:
- Painting with a heat-insulating agent in several layers.
- Application of a layer of a liquid heat insulator.
- Use of expanded polystyrene or mineral wool boards.
Plates heat insulation is easiest to fasten to the ceiling with bitumen mastics. If expanded polystyrene is used, the seams between the slabs are treated with a sealant. Do not forget that mineral wool is hygroscopic - it absorbs moisture. The layer of mineral wool must be protected by waterproofing.
If the metal garage has a single or double roof truss, then the roof insulation depends on the design features: With a considerable distance between the rafters, the mineral wool plates can be laid between them, protecting them from above with a layer of waterproofing material.
All work on the thermal insulation of the roof truss is desirable to be carried out during the construction phase.
When the distance between the rafters is small, the heater is laid under them, and the top is fastened to the rafters with waterproofing. If there is an attic in the garage, then the ceiling is best warmed by pouring a layer of expanded clay in a thickness of 20-30 cm. The claydite is covered with a waterproofing material from above and filled with a thin layer of sand-cement screed. But, as we already mentioned above, for qualitative heat insulation of the garage of one external insulation of the ceiling is not enough - an internal thermal insulation is also necessary. The technology of its implementation directly depends on the material used:
Foamed foil polyethylene.
Mounted to the ceiling of the metal garage with wooden slats. This material has high water repellency characteristics. To achieve a better effect on the slats with which polyethylene is fastened, plywood sheets, fiberboard or chipboard are packed.
Mineral wool.
First of all, the waterproofing is fixed to the surface, after which the lath is mounted. Mineral wool sheets are laid in the crate, protected with a vapor barrier layer and lined with linings of facing material.
Styrofoam.
Plates of this material are glued to the ceiling with a tile adhesive or bitumen mastic. The lining is not needed in this case. In order to slightly increase the thermal insulation characteristics of expanded polystyrene boards, a waterproofing sheet is installed under them.
Plates can also be plastered, reinforced, covered with lining, or left as is.
And, at the end of our publication, we give some important advice:
- Polyfoam for interior insulation of the ceiling in the garage can be used, but it is undesirable - it is a combustible and toxic material.
- The use of external thermal insulation is mandatory in case the garage is not adjacent to other buildings.
- When making the insulation of a flat roof, do not forget about the slope device, which should be at least 7 degrees. This is a necessary condition, otherwise water will accumulate on the roof.
We hope that the material in the article will help you get at least a superficial idea of how to insulate the metal garage from the inside.
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