Reinforcement of the ribbon foundation, features, useful tips

The foundation is the foundation of the house. And on how much it depends on the durability of the entire building. When laying the foundation, many parameters must be taken into account, the most important of which is the weight of the walls of the future house. To give strength to the base, it must be reinforced. About how to select the necessary materials and conduct all the work correctly, we will tell in this article.

Fittings for strip foundation

Reinforcement of the foundation is an important stage in the erection of the building. Before you buy material you need to calculate its quantity. In this case, you should consider:

• section of the reinforcement and its class;
• way of laying and knitting;
• required amount.

For private housing construction fittings with a diameter of 12 mm are quite suitable. For horizontal parts of the foundation, it is necessary to take a material with a ribbed surface (class A-III), and smooth reinforcement (class A-I) is also suitable for vertical ones. So the minimum amount of material can be calculated by multiplying the area of ​​the foundation by 0.1%. The area of ​​the basement is found by multiplying its depth by the width. Also, the number of belts is affected by the number of belts 1,2 or 3. Two belts will ensure an even distribution of the load, and is mainly used for non-buried foundations, and 3 belts are most often used for deep foundation construction. When buying a material, you need to pay attention to its labeling, which is indexed. They denote the following:

• FROM   - indicates that the rolling of the armature is weldable;
• TO   - indicates the resistance of the material to stress corrosion cracking, which can be formed under pressure.

If the labeling data is not available, then for a foundation such an armature can not be used.

Scheme reinforcement of the ribbon foundation

Reinforcement of the foundation is the construction of a frame made of metal rods, completely repeating the shape of the foundation itself and poured with concrete. The reinforcement scheme is necessary for the uniform distribution of the load on the foundation. The frame of the reinforcement should be tight and the bars should go with a step of 10 - 15 cm.

how to reinforce the foundation

The direct reinforcement proceeds as follows. It is necessary to dig a trench for the foundation, put the formwork and cover it with waterproofing and dense film. This is done to easily dismantle the latter. After that, the bottom of the trench is covered with sand, make a sand pillow. After that, the rods are jammed into the ground along the entire perimeter with a given step. Further to them, with the help of a wire, a longitudinal reinforcement is installed in two or more layers. Then it is necessary to fix the longitudinal bars, which fix the working longitudinal bars in the desired position. It also helps prevent cracks. The framework of the reinforcement must be retracted from the bottom and walls of the trench by 5 cm. This will ensure its protection against moisture, which will favorably affect the durability of the entire foundation.

Reinforcement of the basement with your own hands

Before laying down the ribbon foundation, many people are faced with the question of whether to reinforce it or you can do without this procedure. After all, when carrying out these works, the overall weight of the structure increases significantly. But the positive qualities are much greater:

1. the foundation becomes more durable and resistant to stresses;
2. prolongation of service life;
3. resistance to temperature changes;
4. resistance to mechanical damage;
5. the possibility of crack formation is very small.

Proceeding from the above, it is better to reinforce the basement so that the house will stand for a very long time. Begin work on the reinforcement is necessary with the binding of metal rods. To do this, you will need a special wire, as well as a hook for mating skeletons. The binding of the reinforcement takes place as follows:

• take a wire 30 cm long and fold it in half;
• we place the resulting loop diagonally to the crosspiece of the reinforcement and take it out in the direction of its ends;
• we thread the hook into the wire loop and make the connection by scrolling it.

Reinforce the foundation can be in several layers, it depends on its size and load in the future. It should be remembered that the longitudinal parts of the frame will experience most of the load, so it is better for them to choose a reinforcement with a diameter of 10 - 14 mm. The transverse parts play a more auxiliary role, therefore it is quite possible for them to use material with a diameter of 6 - 8 mm. After the frame is ready to install it in the finished formwork with a gap of 5 cm from the sides and bottom of the trench. Thus, the entire frame will be poured with concrete, and the fittings will not have direct contact with moisture, which will protect it from corrosion.

Features of reinforcement

With the independent reinforcement of the foundation there are a number of features:

• all parts of the future frame must be clean to ensure good adhesion of the reinforcement and concrete;
• it is correct to choose the type of binding of rods depending on the expected load, if it is not large, wire binding is entirely suitable, if it is assumed that significant work is better done by welding;
• elements of the frame, which will have most of the load, should be with a ribbed surface;
• the auxiliary elements can be made from smooth reinforcement, because they do not carry force.

Given these features, you can independently make a solid foundation for your home.

Corner reinforcement

When reinforcing the foundation, especially in-house, it is necessary to pay attention to the corners. If the frame is not properly laid out from the reinforcement in the corners, the base, which should be continuous, will be a set of beams. In the corners of such a foundation, cracks can form and it will collapse. In each corner it is necessary to install curled bars. Also in the corners, it is necessary to install iron bars two times in the corners of the frame. This provides additional rigidity. After that, you can install the ventilation tubes and fill the formwork with the reinforcement frame with a concrete solution.

Reinforcing frames

The reinforcement frame is an important factor for creating a solid foundation, it takes on the load and deformation. It is made of steel rods with a ribbed or smooth surface. The strength of the frame can affect:

• type of reinforcement;
• diameter of the reinforcement;
• its quantity;
• method of fastening the rods to each other.

The best way is to bind the reinforcement wire. Welding is not recommended, with it there may be many weaknesses in the connection. The bars can be connected in two ways:

1. manually - a rather laborious method, the armature is connected by wire in the places of their crossing, often for this purpose a hook is used;
2. using a special knitting pistol - this method allows you to quickly and accurately.

Frameworks can be of three types:

Pile type   - from the reinforcement, supports are built, the strapping is made by round or triangular clamps. The length of the rods should exceed the length of the hollow pile, which is 400 - 500 mm. After that, the reinforcement is placed in the pile and poured with concrete solution.

Tape type   - The height of the frame is twice as large as its width. Connections are made from wire. The main role in such a framework has longitudinal elements, and transverse perform a connecting function.

Plate type   - represents two grids, the distance between which is equal to the thickness of the casting plate. The reinforcement must be smaller than the dimensions of the slab and in no case should it exceed its limits, this can disrupt the strength of the foundation.

The fabrication of the frame from the reinforcement and foundation pouring are very important stages in the construction. The strength of the structure depends on the quality of their execution.

This article describes the reinforcement of the foundation. Information is provided on the choice of fittings, reinforcement of corners and how to carry out these works independently. Using the information of the article, you can select the necessary reinforcement and make a framework for reinforcing the foundation. After doing all the work, you will get a solid foundation for your home. Successful work.