How to build a bath correctly, sauna projects, useful tips

Before you start building a bath, you should decide on what it should be. After all, only the right bath will allow you to get a portion of recovery and relaxation. One should not rely on the fact that such a small building can be executed without any plan and design - in order to comfortably settle in the steam room and get quality steam - it will be necessary to calculate the room dimensions and the power of the stove for its heating, it will also be necessary to provide a room for the shower room and locker rooms - without their bath will not fully meet modern requirements for quality rest. So, if it is decided that a bathhouse will be built on the site, how to build it properly, in accordance with generally accepted standards, developers will have to find out.

What are the advantages of building a bath for a typical or individual project

The construction of a bathhouse without a project usually leads to inefficient spending on construction materials that are bought with a surplus, or vice versa, importing to the site an insufficient number of them, as a result of additional purchases and re-payment of transportation costs. In the bathhouse itself, it is very important to place internal partitions and rooms in the correct order. Construction without a project often ends with the construction of a small house with a limited functionality for a sauna.

At the same time, a well-designed project will allow:

• with great accuracy to take into account all the necessary parameters of the bath room,
• maximize the functionality of the bath,
• determine the arrangement of quite complex engineering systems for cold and hot water supply, sewage, chimneys and stoves, electrical wiring,
• correctly determine the location of window and door openings,
• make a real cost estimate.

From the owners of the future bath, their requests and financial possibilities, depends on the decision - to use during the construction of a standard project or to order an individual, which will take into account the desired area of ​​the building, the presence of an attic floor or veranda.

In the process, it will also be necessary to determine the material for the construction - experts recommend using natural timber, namely - chamber drying kiln. Although it is not cheap, but proceed to water procedures within the walls of such a bath can be in some 3-4 weeks, the construction is not threatened with shrinkage, i.e. The threat of changing the geometry of the building and the cracking of the walls are virtually excluded.

How to properly make a bath - dumb about the shower bath, its features and the main differences from the sauna

Since the traditions of bath construction were formed over many centuries, it is natural that they are corrected by the time and experience of many generations of masters. But in modern construction, there are some innovations in this area, mainly due to the use of new technologies and modern materials. But at the same time, the preservation of the main principles of creating the building itself and its soul remains an indispensable condition - after visiting the right bath a person should have an irresistible desire to visit it many more times.

Although it seems to a person uninitiated that bath and sauna are about the same - high temperature and a lot of steam, but in fact, there are a lot of differences between them, the main one is in the method of taking the procedure. If in a sauna the temperature is usually more than 100 C, with air humidity of about 2-25%, and to get steam on the stones splash water with the additives of fir or eucalyptus extracts, the temperature in the bath room should not exceed 65-70 С, at a humidity of the order of 60 -65%, i.e. a man in a steam room of a Russian bath feels much more comfortable.

It is worth remembering the most important and original attribute of a bath - broom, which gives an opportunity to receive an excellent massage. The particles of oils emanating from the steamed leaves, aromas and phytoncides, which heal, affect the whole organism, increase immunity and strengthen the nervous system. In the sauna, a broom is not used - the temperature there is too high.

Between the sauna and the steam room there are also some architectural differences - the correct ceiling in the bath is much higher than in the sauna, the steam room itself is usually a spacious enough room.

If the sauna is traditionally used with a metal open stove, the sauna is more suitable for a brick wood stove with a closed stove, the oven itself and the way of ventilation provide for the option of creating a room with a temperature difference near the ceiling and the floor, with soft steam. In a Russian bath it is customary to keep the oven door closed, occasionally opening it, in the event that there is a need to increase the amount of steam. This allows you to maintain a constant temperature inside the steam room for a longer time.

How to properly bathe in a bath - on white or in black

Each of us had to hear about these two methods of soaring in a Russian bath. You should know what are their differences and advantages. The difference is in the presence of a chimney in a white bath: smoke from the stove leaves through a brick chimney built above the stove with a pipe. The sauna does not have a black chimney, the heat obtained from the stove rises to the ceiling, cooling it down and is removed from the room through a special hole in the wall.

Advantages of the sauna in black in rapid warming, and therefore - in the possibility of obtaining savings on fuel. The bath in white begins to melt for 5-6 hours before the hover.

Experts emphasize that the sauna in black can provide a hover temperature from 40 C to 100 C, the presence in such a steam room causes active sweating, the broom allows you to get the perfect massage, washing is done with an ash liquor, rinsing is usually done with soft rainwater.

How to properly build a bath - the basic requirements for interior spaces and functionality

Given the current trends in construction and the opportunities received with the advent of new building materials, experts recommend:

• use for tiling the floor in the bath tiles - it is hygienic, easy to care for,
• floors during construction should be well insulated - it will get a warm sunbed,
• think over the option of cold water supply and the way to get warm - use a bath oven to heat water is not recommended,
• the washing room should be equipped with a tropical or massage shower,
• the installation of electrical communications should be carried out taking into account the requirements for electrical safety of the premises with high humidity.

Criteria for choosing a place for building a bath

In the old days, it was customary to build baths near natural water bodies - rivers or lakes. But today, baths are usually built on suburban areas, ponds on them if there are, in most cases - artificially created ponds or pools. If there is no pond at all, then the bath is recommended to be located in the far corner of the site, away from home - this is required by fire safety rules.

In addition, in this way the bath procedures are given some privacy. The number of rooms in the bath and their size will be affected by the size of the site allocated for the construction, as well as the planned number of people who will simultaneously take bath procedures. Even the smallest bath house should contain: a washing room, a steam room and a rest room or a cloakroom.

Bath inside - what materials to give preference to

Since in a Russian bath it is accepted to be bathed slowly and comfortably, inside the bathhouse should also be equipped according to tradition. Shelves in the bath should be comfortable, the best materials for their manufacture are:

• aspen wood, capable of taking negative energy,
• linden, exuding an amazing aroma and not scalding the body at high temperatures,
• thick birch board.

One of the features of the Russian bath is the horizontal temperature regime in the room, it is customary to take steam procedures on the shelves, so the benches must have sufficient length and width to allow for a comfortable horizontal position.

Ceilings in the steam room are made to make high, not less than 2 m. It is under the ceiling that the greatest amount of steam accumulates. To ventilate the steam room open the door, so do not design the room so that the steam room had a door in the washing room, which is a place of accumulation of moist air.

As a skin material for walls it is best to use natural dry wood, for example - cedar wood. It has a bright coniferous aroma, its evaporation has medicinal properties. You can also use lumber from other hardwood trees. Do not trim walls with a board of trees, which, when heated, begin to emit resins - in steam-streaked conditions, tar can cause burns when touching, and it is not very useful to breathe saturated air with resinous vapors.

Experts recommend to plan a steam room with dimensions of at least 2.5х3 m, dimensions of a brick stove in it - 0,7х0,8 m. Laying the right foundation under the bath, one should not forget that the oven, laid out of stone or brick, will have considerable weight and will also require pouring the foundation, it is desirable that it is a reinforced concrete pillow of 30 cm thickness, with an area of ​​at least 1x1.1 m. The oven should be laid out so that the distance from the upper stones to the ceiling is 1.2 m. The height of the door is false to match the height of the shelf.

Features of engineering communications in the bath

Banya in the process of operation will require the same engineering systems that are needed in an ordinary country house. Differences of course, will be, they are caused by the presence of washing and steam. If there is no sense to worry about heating in the steam room, then for the washing it will be necessary to install heating devices, these can be radiators or convectors, for better comfort it is recommended to arrange a warm floor.

The washing can be equipped in different ways:

• to install a shower booth,
• make a watering can,
• to establish an oak barrel-font,
• add a bucket for pouring into the interior.

Since all taken in the washing procedure are associated with water and increased steam generation, it is logical to plan the decoration of the walls of this room with tiles. It is recommended that you lay out the floor.

To move was comfortable and not slippery, on the floor you can put a wooden flooring, which can easily be removed and taken out to the street for drying.

Important for the bath, and even more for the steam room, is a thermal insulation system. The ideal result can be obtained if as a material for internal insulation use stone plates on which a layer of aluminum foil is mounted on the side of the room, then a layer of lining material - lining of natural wood. Such walls, like a good thermos, perfectly keep the heat inside the steam room.

Floors in the washing room and steam room should be given a slope towards the drain hole, sufficient for free and rapid removal of water into the drainage well.

Correct bath oven

The main building in the bathhouse is a stove. We have already mentioned that the traditional option is a brick stove. But today more often you can meet in a steam oven made of metal. The reasons here are obvious - the metal furnace has much less weight than the brick and does not require the construction of a separate capital base. You can install a metal oven yourself, a brick-built master has to be added, whose labor cost is considerable.

The metal furnace quickly warms up the room, allowing you to save on fuel, to take bath procedures you do not need to melt it a few hours earlier. Models of metal furnaces have quite a variety of design and design, choosing a suitable one for a particular interior does not pose a particular problem. Of the disadvantages of metal aggregates, one should note the propensity for rapid cooling.

Whatever the furnace is not installed, metal or brick, it is necessary to adhere to the rules of fire safety, namely:

• install the furnace at a certain distance from combustible wooden structures,
• to install protective aprons of their talcum chloride or bricks.

In conclusion, you can generalize: built from classical or modern materials, the Russian bath will serve to preserve your health and delight you with your easy steam at every visit, the main thing is that everything in it be made to your taste and correspond to your ideas of comfort.