Monolithic foundation on piles with grillage can be confidently called a high-tech invention of the century of the construction industry. Over time, the foundation will not be afraid of underground water, inevitable shrinkage or soil erosion. It will be and will stand! If, of course, all construction activities are carried out according to the rules.
Content
What is a monolithic pile foundation with grillage
Popularization of the idea of erecting a pile foundation in areas with a problem bearing capacity was the technology of grillage.
Exaggerated monolithic pile foundation is the foundation of the belt.
But to give durability to the construction of a construction of a grill made of concrete, reinforced in the formwork.
The grillage is considered the upper part of the pile foundation, erected in the form of a beam or slab, which unites the piles in a common construction.
Technologically justified erection of a monolithic foundation with a grill eliminates expensive earthworks.
For the erection of a monolithic pile foundation it is necessary to have a town-planning plan for a land plot with land surveying, it is possible to apply to construction control over the construction of buildings. Next, you yourself will need to implement the following steps:
• carry out survey work with the definition of soil characteristics
• calculation of the required number of piles and parameters of the grill device
• Drilling of soil with the subsequent installation of pile supports
• erection of grillage with waterproofing, reinforcement and concrete pouring
• the device of a socle or a plate floor.
At the design stage, depending on the terrain of the site, the composition of the soil and the type of the frame of the building, the type of pile grill is chosen.
Choosing the type of pile grillage
The erection of the pile foundation allows to distribute the loads (operational, structural and wind) to the soil layers in which piles are installed.
The foundation stone on the piles by parameters is divided into the following types:
• high grillage, located at a distance of 10-20 cm from the mark 0.00
• Grillage raised, level with the ground
• low (recessed).
The most popular type of grillage on stilts is a high one, located above the ground at an altitude of 15 cm. This height allows you to level out the influence of the abrupt forces, raising the grillage and the possibility of piercing. However, the presence of a space between the soil and the foundation floor will require additional measures for thermal insulation.
Grillage height is located directly on the ground. To prevent the negative influence of the punching forces under the grillage, it is necessary to remove the soil layer by 15 cm.
Assignment of supports in the foundation stone on stilts
The components of the pile foundation with grillage are piles, which can be disposed in the following ways:
• a single pile installed under the design support
• Strips, the piles are arranged along the perimeter of the foundation in several rows
• with belts, with perimeter support
• bushes, when piles are installed at points of maximum load of several pieces
• margins with a large area under the grillage.
The most acceptable variant of the supports are bored piles.
The necessary components of the pile foundation with a monolithic grillage are determined by calculation using an online calculator.
Helpful Tips
A frightening amount of information for calculating the parameters of grillage and piles makes you think about the help of calculators. However, if you have the courage to study a few SNiPs, you can make the calculations yourself, and to be precise - with the use of a calculator on the Internet.
Calculation of the number of piles and parameters of grillage
A prerequisite for building a foundation is the calculation of the number, bearing capacity and the way the piles are arranged.
In the calculation process using the On line calculator the following data will be received:
• total length of grillage along the perimeter of the foundation
• the area of the sole and outer side surface, over which the amount of waterproofing material can be counted
• The volume of ready-mixed concrete for poles and grillage (including 10% of the stock)
• weight of medium-density concrete
• the load on the foundation and the soil at the locations of the base of the pillars of the support
• the minimum diameter of the reinforcement bars (vertical and transverse)
• the number of rows of reinforcement in each belt
• step of clamps or transverse rods for grillage
• total weight of the reinforcing cage
• number and thickness of boards for formwork.
The data obtained will be sufficient for the erection of a monolithic foundation on piles with a grillage.
Helpful Tips
As the practice suggests, the average height of the grill is 25 cm, the width is determined by the thickness of the outer wall, which is at least 40 cm.
Piles are located in steps of 1-1.5 meters to a depth of 2.0 m. Naturally, compliance with construction technology will provide a solid foundation for long-term use.
Technology of building a monolithic piling foundation
The erection of a monolithic foundation on piles with a grillage consists of the following stages:
• preparation of pit and drilling holes for each settlement pile
• installation of pipes, reinforcement of their frame and pouring of concrete inside
• erection of grillage, including reinforcement, formwork and concrete pouring.
preparation of excavation and drilling of holes
The stage of preparing a trench and drilling pits under each pile is the most time-consuming measure for building a foundation with your own hands. Therefore it is preferable to use drilling special equipment.
installation of support pillars
After the pits have been prepared for installation of support pipes and their installation on the bottom, wet sand and gravel are covered, carefully compacted and waterproofed. At the reinforcement stage, the installed piles are reinforced with ribbed rods 12 mm in diameter and tied with a smooth rod or wire designed for binding the reinforcement.
Support posts are set to a depth of at least 50 cm. Formwork for supporting poles is constructed from a formwork material. The final step will be pouring inward the pipes of the concrete solution.
erection of grillage
For the erection of grillage, the installed hardened piles are tied with pre-prepared boards with a hole. In accordance with the size of the head of the pile, under the boards of the future formwork we put the stops.
To the bottom board attach boards, which form a kind of profile of the tray. The formed tray is reinforced by connecting the wire to vertical and horizontal webs of binding of the reinforcement of the lower and upper belt. The mating for the filling of the grill plate and the pouring of the concrete mix is carried out in the traditional way.
Thus, the erection of the foundation stone foundation on piles makes it possible to exclude labor-intensive earthworks, save on concreting and eliminate the need for backfilling of the soil.
Answer to all the questions that arise will help the video, which will thoroughly show the process of erecting the foundation with grillage.
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