Door closers, types, installation door closer, useful tips

The importance of devices when opening and closing any door can be said for a long time and convincingly. Mistrust will exist until as long as you yourself do not feel uncomfortable with your busy hands, shutting the door with your foot. And then comes to the aid of a door closer, whose usefulness is already known to schoolchildren.

At first there was a spring

The emergence and appearance of door closers in our everyday life was the amazing performance of a primitive spring, which was used to close doors for a long time. Gradually, the ordinary spring was clad in a technological case made of metal and acquired a new quality - a door closer, which smoothly closed the doors. Door closers Notedo, may well serve as such an example.

Today the door closer can be seen on the doors of various types, both in the entrance and interior, in apartments and private houses, offices, industrial premises and objects of household use.

Closer, his device and how can I choose the right door closer for the door? try to tell in this article.

Types of door closers and how to install them

Door closers are classified according to the following parameters:

• by mounting method

• on the mechanics of transmission of the moment of rotation.

Installation of door closers for entrance doors is possible:

• surface mounting (installation of door closer to the door surface or door frame)

• concealed installation (door closer mounted inside the door leaf or frame)

• floor installation (door closer mounted on the floor).

Depending on the direction of opening the door, there is a door closer (inward or outward).

Helpful Tips

Finely-mounted closers are more promising devices, have a max opening angle of up to 130 degrees, the angle fixing range is 80-120 degrees. With all the existing adjustment methods, concealed installation offers the possibility of an original installation with minimal costs. Mount closers hidden installation can even be on special fire doors.

Door closer - specifications

Structurally, the door closer consists of a solid rectangular body with a spring and a piston, as well as a needle bearing and screws for adjusting the opening speed of the door.

The working body of the door closer - when the door is closed, the piston returns to its original position by moving the oil through the circulation channels.

In accordance with the design specifications of door closer door are:

• range of spring force

• operating temperature range

• the ability to adjust speed and shuttle.

The force of the door closer depends on its ability to close the door of a certain weight and size, as well as the speed of closing the door. The force of the spring is regulated by the European standard EN 1154.

For example, according to the standard, for door size EN 2 up to 850 mm the weight of the door leaf should be 40 kg. For example, for door closer door apecs   The average range of spring force for the doors of apartments is 60-80 kg.

Equally important when choosing a door closer for the door is the operating temperature range. The operation of the door closer depends on the quality of the oil, which is the medium for the working element.

When the operating temperature changes, the viscosity of the oil medium may change and entail a loss of sealing of the movable rods and rubber glands. Changing the temperature and the consistency of the viscosity of the oil can cause the device to malfunction.

An important factor in the operation of the door is the possibility of adjusting the operating characteristics of the door closer - the speed of closing the door and its door.

Helpful Tips

Let's say that for good closers use a thermo-constant oil. For reference: the viscosity index (IV) of the base oil is 100.

The oil viscosity index for the door closer is calculated (if this information was not provided by the manufacturer). The wiring diagram and operating conditions of the door closer are provided by the manufacturer.

How to choose a door closer

lever in the construction of the door closer

At the heart of the design of any door closer is the mechanics of torque transmission. Such constructions should be distinguished:

• with lever transmission (called otherwise "knee")

• with sliding transmission (called "slide").

The door closer with lever transmission is more common, in its design the "main emphasis" literally goes to leverage. The door closer's levers, when opened and closed, fold neatly parallel to the door frame.

Sliding gear transmits the force to the free end of the lever, which moves in the groove. The service of a door closer with a slide transmission will require the application of efforts from the opening door, which will be aimed at overcoming the frictional forces of the lever movement in the groove.

Simply put, the basic principle of the action of the door closer is as follows. The effort with which a person opens a door equipped with a door closer is transferred to the device and instantly accumulates in the spring. Adjustment of the door closer is due to the mechanical movement of the piston.

For example, an economical solution without additional functions, we can consider door closers ts 68   with such technical characteristics:

• The door closer is designed for doors weighing 80 kg.

• The spring force allows the use of doors with a width of 850 - 1100 mm

• Manual adjustment of the closing speed is in the ranges: 1 valve - 15-0 degree, 2 valve -180-15 deg.

• Speed ​​adjustment is carried out using the lever.

The mechanics of the operating door closer is simple and concise and it can be formulated as follows: the force of the door closer to close the door is less than the resistance to opening. It has been established that a poor door closer transmits only 30% of the energy expended, and a good one is all 65%. By the way, about degrees "dohlopa."

Helpful Tips

Most models of closers have adjustable valves for dolhopa. Under the latch understand the last 7-15 degrees of closing the door. The first valve allows you to adjust the speed. The second valve allows you to adjust the delay in the range of 70-90 degrees.

Between the "first and second" there is a time interval of 35-40 seconds, which inhibits the closing process.

Adjustment door closer door dorma, Shown in the video: