There is an opinion that: "The weakest link in the defense system is a person". Therefore, motion sensors use motion sensors. Precisely because of their lightning-fast reaction, the video surveillance system reacts to what is happening in the house. The motion sensor does not get tired, it does not hurt the head, it does not oversleep the main movement and in time "shakes" the dozing off security alarm.
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Movement sensors, little intelligence for a private house
The rapid pace of development of electronic and information technologies fill our home with a variety of electrical and electronic devices. Among a variety of intelligent devices, motion sensors are most in demand.
Motion sensors can be compared to an incorruptible and non-tired observer who performs functions assigned to him on a twenty-four-hour basis. Moreover, sensors, detectors and video detectors can be confidently called promising types of information processing.
Starting with the elementary devices that convert and form the output signal associated with the input signals of devices with a given functional dependence, the sensors are perfectly suited not only in security systems.
A little intelligence for your home has not hurt anyone yet. The only condition is only one, all these devices must be skillfully used and managed in order to answer the question: "Which sensor motion is better."
Types of LED sensors
It is necessary to distinguish LED sensors according to their intended use and application:
• security motion sensors
• domestic.
security motion sensors
Security LED devices are motion sensors for signaling. The motion sensor is part of the alarm. The purpose of the sensor is to notify the change in the situation in the private house.
principle of signal transmission and connection diagram
Wireless motion sensor infrared is a popular device that does not require cable management. Exaggerated, the sensor is designed in the form of a miniature device to provide automated control of the security of the territory of the house, the backyard and parking.
The wireless signal passes through a secure channel. The transmission frequency range is from 433 to 868 MHz. The distance between the wireless sensor and the alarm unit is in the range of 100-200 m.
The alarm unit is equipped with a GSM module with a sim card. The violation signal is transmitted as an SMS message to the base phone via the X10 interface module and the EIB gateway.
Schematic diagram of the connection of the security sensor is given in the technical data sheet for the product with standard designations:
L - phase
N is zero
KM - load
LS - to the load.
It is necessary to distinguish active and passive security sensors. The active security sensor consists of a transmitter and a receiver.
What the motion sensor is silent about
To which kind of LED sensor the device does not belong, the main principle of operation is to close the circuit, provided that a moving object appears within sight.
The main technical characteristics of any sensor are the radius and range of detection. The detection radius is characterized by the angle of detection (coverage) of the object in degrees. Detection range - distance and detection speed. In addition, a characteristic is taken into account, such as the switching capabilities of the device.
For example, at a voltage of 220-230 V AC and cos f = 1, the switching capacity of the infrared sensor will be 8,
at cos f = 0.6 this will be 6,
at cos f = 0.3 the switching capacity is 3 AX,
where: cos f is the cosine of the detection angle.
When selecting a motion sensor model for intrusion alarms, it is recommended that you pay attention to the following parameters:
• climatic (average temperature, direction and strength of the wind, nebula, rainfall intensity and range of operating frequencies of the receiver).
• landscape (area, perimeter configuration and landscape features).
The principle of the infrared motion sensor is the analysis of the thermal radiation emanating from the object being moved. It is known that thermal (infrared) radiation from a person is in the working range of the spectrum. The human eye can not detect and detect radiation. But only not a motion sensor, which catches infrared radiation in a given range.
Thus, the sensor senses thermal radiation and analyzes the temperature of the infrared wave. Then the converted signal from the pyroelement (PIR-element) is converted into a digital one and, in case of deviation from the set norm, closes or opens the contact of the lighting device.
Therefore, the motion sensor IR is indispensable for the following objects:
• lighting systems for country houses, offices and pavilions
• household lighting of streets, household plots and gardens
• lighting of agro-industrial enterprises.
The main operating parameters of the motion sensors are set by software or by means of a setting. The sensor has two types of working diagrams with the possibility of adjusting the geometry.
Adjustment is carried out during the installation and placement of the sensor. The installation of the transceiver is carried out on the territory enclosure using brackets at a height of 50 cm from the end of the perimeter top inside the perimeter.
Inside the room, the sensors are placed in a parallel plane with respect to the floor and mounted on the wall. In this case, the minimum turning angle should reach 180 degrees. To monitor the condition of doors, windows and aisles, the sensors are placed on the slopes of the openings.
Household LED Sensors
Among the household appliances, street traffic sensors, used for the light signaling of suburban areas and night traffic sensors, were widely used. There are several schemes for connecting sensors.
sensor connection for lighting
The simplest is the wiring diagram, through which power is connected to the lamp by passing through the sensor. The sensor triggers and turns off the light. After a certain period of time, the sensor switches off automatically.
The body of the motion sensor is equipped with adjusting screws:
• light level
• Lamp operating time
• range of operation.
What is a luminaire with a motion sensor shown in this video.
adjustment by the sensor operating mode
It must be remembered that for any series of LED motion sensors there is a tincture of the operating state. These are the types:
Sens - sensor sensitivity threshold with two boundary states (high - HIGH, low - LOW)
Time - the time during which the LED device will be switched on (interval 5 sec - 10 min)
Lux - setting the threshold of daylight illumination of the lamp or searchlight.
You can assemble a simple motion detector yourself.
How to do this is shown in the video.
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