Any installation of electrical wiring is subject to strict rules that must be strictly observed. It is especially important to comply with such requirements by making the electrical wiring in a wooden house. By what rules and taking into account the specifics it is necessary to carry out this?
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Dangerous neighborhood of a wooden house
Unlike the installation of wiring in panel or brick houses, the wiring in the wooden house has features, and wiring is necessary in accordance with the requirements of PES and SNiP.
Let's remind, that wooden designs of the private house are potentially dangerous neighborhood to electroconducting. Incorrect or poorly produced installation can lead to trouble or alteration. Therefore, nothing remains, how to study the rules for the operation of electrical installations, norms and rules, as well as to correctly select and lay the wiring.
Wiring in one's own hand in a wooden house is a feasible electrotechnical measure, which must begin with the design of the circuit.
We design and develop a scheme
It is recommended to develop and install electrical wiring at the stage of construction or repair of a private house. Design and design of the wiring diagram is necessary by air for entry and inside the house.
At the construction stage, you will have the opportunity to adjust the layout of the wiring, taking into account the choice of the scheme - single-phase or three-phase.
When designing and developing the scheme, it is necessary to take into account the arrangement of all household equipment, which will be placed in the house. We break the power supply into groups or circuits, because for the lighting lines and outlets there is a separate single-line circuit. In each circuit it is necessary to include the number of instruments and wires.
The obligatory stage of circuit design is the design of grounding and zeroing of electrical appliances. It is recommended to make an approximate calculation of the number of wires and draw up a scheme using the available plan of the private house. And, finally, choose the type of wiring.
Choose the type of wiring for a wooden house
rodents, water and copper pipes
To install electrical wiring in a wooden house is recommended in a hidden or open way. Make hidden wiring in a wooden house is supposed using cable and wire in copper pipes, non-combustible plastic boxes, flexible metal hoses and cable channels.
Open wiring in a wooden house mounted by free suspension on the surface of walls or ceiling using insulators, strings, cables or rollers.
When choosing the type of wiring will not hurt to remember the presence of rodents in suburban homes and the possibility of flooding walls and foundations. Therefore, the wiring, hidden in copper pipes, can be called an ideal protection option. The choice of the type of wiring can be considered a reference point for the subsequent power supply and wiring in a private house.
How to make an input power supply
The input of the power supply must begin with the calculation of the cross-section of the input cable, taking into account the maximum load. For the lead-in cable, preference should be given to SIP 4 with cores of the same cross-section of 16 mm.kv without a supporting cable.
The branch from the main to the house is made using regular piercing clamps with fastening of the anchor clamp located on the bracket. How to conduct wiring in a wooden house next?
Inside the house for the cable make a break and the further function of the line cable will be the VVGGG cable with a cross section of 6 mm.kv.
Select cable section for wiring
For the lighting groups of a wooden house, a wire with a cross-section of 1.5 mm.kv is used, and for receptacles it is preferable to use wires with cross-section 2.5 mm.kv. The standard tabular values are used to select the wire diameter.
Schemes of switchboards
The circuit breaker of the switchboard in the wooden house should reserve group switches, disconnecting the house in case of short-circuit. To power the house from a three-phase network, a three-pole automatic machine is required, for a single-phase network it will be a one- or two-pole automatic machine with a "phase" and "zero".
Wiring in a wooden house with their own hands step by step
how to lay a cable and install sockets and switches
Before the beginning of the wiring lay out the route for the installation of distribution boxes, sockets, switches and lighting fixtures. In accordance with the developed scheme and the way of laying, we lay out the cable of the required cross-section.
how to make an outer cabling
For external cable laying, it is preferable to use a cable duct made of special non-combustible plastic, which is a long narrow box. Convenience of installation and laying of wire in the cable channel is confirmed by living in a wooden house. In addition, the cable channel looks good on the walls of wood.
Helpful Tips
The best device for laying the cable of a wooden house are copper pipes. The rigidity of the pipe construction ensures the integrity of the wires even on the most complex linear sections.
lay the cable in the pipe
Preparing the route for marking and stoning. The cable is laid on the ceiling, floor or lag. Passages through the wooden wall are equipped with metal sleeves. Pipes of copper for the gasket are chosen with a margin in diameter for free filling with a wire. Copper pipes for wires can be easily cut or bent.
Sections of pipes are cleaned and polished edge, excluding cable damage. The cable pipe is fixed to the walls of wood or the ceiling with the use of clamps. To the pipe sleeves is fastened by the method of expanding the pipe from inside the sleeve. We prepare the prepared wire through the pipe and check the integrity of the insulation. Then the end of the stretched cable is cut off taking into account the length of 20 cm in the switch box.
In junction boxes, the wires are connected by twisting, making insulation with a cap of PPE.
We will suggest that it is recommended to lay the cable in metal hose for wiring in a wooden house in case of full lining of the walls of the house.
install the sockets and switches themselves
For laying wires and installing outlets and switches, it is also preferable to use metal sleeves. Installation of sockets in a wooden house does not differ from a traditional installation. After removing the cover, the base of the attached socket or switch is mounted to the wall using self-tapping screws.
The most important and accessible information for the installation of wiring is placed in this video.
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