Monolithic basement, how to build it yourself

Thanks to the basement, the house looks more beautiful, so if you decide to build a house with a monolithic socle, you must build foundation under the house  taking into account the use of space under the house. It can be used as a basement, like a garage, or simply make a living room.

In which cases is the basement floor necessary for the construction of a house

The ground floor is not only a fashionable building, but there are situations in the construction, when simply building a dwelling house without a socle is simply impossible.

For example, if the site has a very large slope.

Construction in this area requires a monolithic basement floor, because due to the inclination of the ground, it will on the one hand practically be in the ground.

The other side of the monolith will completely remain above the ground.

With the help of a monolithic basement floor, when building a house, a flat area is created - the house is further constructed without problems.

There are cases when the soil contains near groundwater (not less than 1.5 meters from the earth's surface) - in this case, the construction of a monolith is simply necessary.

Technology of monolithic plinth

The first stage is the marking for the foundation of the future house.

In accordance with the perimeter of the house under construction, the pit is digging.

At the bottom of the pit lay a pillow of rubble and sand, the pillow stacked monolithic pillars and foundation slab.

The pillars are placed on the slab and in the future will serve as a support for the building part of the building located above the ground.

In the future, these slabs fit a second slab - this slab will be the basis of the first floor.

If the monolithic basement is a dwelling, it is very important to properly waterproof it and insulate it.

Equipment, and consumables necessary for the construction of the basement with their own hands

When building a socle it is necessary to use: an excavator (it digs a pit);

-coll and sand (for the pillow);

-monolithic columns;

- foundation slabs;

-concrete mixer;

-water and cement;

- Reinforcement rods;

-electric depth vibrator;

- unedged boards;

- waterproofing materials.

After you are familiar with the project, decide on the materials for the walls of the socle.

The walls can be made of concrete blocks or bricks.

If the soil of your site is dry - you can build a basement of hollow concrete blocks, but it is better to consult with experienced builders.

If you will build a basement floor from blocks, you save time. The foundation for the socle can be monolithic and ribbon.

Before starting the construction, consider the options for heating and ventilation.

Since the socle can not be without ventilation, consider the arrangement of ventilation holes, especially if you do in the basement of a garage or boiler room.

If possible, check out the ground floor, built with friends or neighbors, ask about the difficulties they have overcome and try to avoid their mistakes.

Pay special attention to waterproofing, even dry soil does not guarantee moisture penetration to the ground floor.

If you do not make the correct waterproofing of the cap - you can get a lot of moisture after melting snow and heavy rains.

As you know, high humidity destroys the walls, in such conditions the fungus develops actively and you can simply ruin your house.

Thinking about the construction - take care of the drainage flow and blinds around the building.

When is it better to start construction

It's difficult to say when, as everything depends on the weather conditions and how lucky it is.

The best option is to build in the summer, because in spring the soil contains a lot of moisture, it must be pumped out or wait until it dries. To build it is necessary by the principle - do not save, otherwise you will lose a lot, since the socle, correctly constructed is a dry house.

Concrete is recommended to use a low grade, so that the cushion of sand does not crack, it must be poured in water and held for 2-3 weeks. Mandatory reinforcement of the base, both longitudinal and transverse.

The fittings are used in diameter from 6 to 10 mm. with a pitch between the rods of 20 cm.

The distance from the mesh from the reinforcement to the bottom of the tape base should be within 20 mm. - Such a distance will protect the foundation from groundwater and an aggressive environment.

Experienced builders advise that the windows in the basement should be built from the east, west and south sides and do not build them from the north.

Stages of building socle monolith

The first stage, when building a socle monolith, as well as any foundation, is the construction of timber formwork, an unedged board is used for this.

To ensure that the formwork walls are not squeezed out because of the large height of the basement, reinforce the formwork with spacers.

The second stage is the work with the armature.

It is necessary to build a three-dimensional reinforcing cage - to properly do it, it is better to invite a specialist, since in each specific case you need an individual frame.

The third stage is the pouring of concrete.

Concrete is better to order in a concrete plant, and if there is no possibility - cook yourself using a concrete mixer.

Monolithic basement is poured immediately and completely.

To prevent air voids, it is necessary to vibrate concrete and a deep vibrator is needed here.

Fill the concrete, let it harden for 30 days.

Waterproofing cap

Since waterproofing is an important issue, the waterproofing needs to be done in two layers.

All horizontal and vertical sections of the walls of the basement and foundation, especially in places where they come into contact with the ground, must be covered with high-quality waterproofing.

All waterproofing of the basement is done outside the house. Waterproofing can be omazochnoy and okleechnoy.

If the bituminous hot mixture is applied to the walls and the floor is a coating of waterproofing.

A pasting waterproofing is done with the use of materials for the roof.

After carefully studying the materials on the construction of a monolithic socle, you can build it yourself.