Mounting the roof ridge is one of the most important steps in creating a reliable and durable construction. The skate performs a number of functions: protects the under-roof space from precipitation, plays the role of a decorative element, and also provides ventilation and drying of the roofing pie. What is the roof ridge, what kinds of skates are there, how to mount the skate on the roof - read below.
What is the Roof Ridge
A horse is called a horizontal rib, which is at the very top point of the joints of the roof slopes. The skate also includes additional elements attached to the rib. Through the hobby is the ventilation of the roofing "pie" and under-roof space. The installation of the ridge includes also the installation of a ridge run that fastens the rafters to each other. However, it is also used for mounting more complex structures, for example, broken four pitched roofs.
There are quite a few varieties of irregularly shaped roofs, with different skates with displaced skates. The construction of such structures is a rather complicated process. In comparison with them the skate of a gable roof looks simple and even somewhat primitive.
In the process of installing the skate, the main thing is to observe two main points: accurately calculate the height of the detail, and ensure sufficient ventilation of the under-roof space and the "pie".
More recently, the main material used to mount the ridge was asbestos cement. Today, we mainly use strong galvanized steel.
The market offers buyers a lot of options for ready-made details for the ridge, made of galvanized metal, cut lengthwise about 2 meters. But, if necessary, it is possible to make such details yourself.
Types of roof skates
There are several variants of skates. In certain cases, this part may be a bar, which is laid on vertical posts, and which at the same time serves as a support for the rafter legs. The vertical support posts are installed on the joists. Another version of the roof ridge - triangles of the rafter system are connected with each other longitudinally. At the same time on the rafters on both sides nailed boards at the right angle, thus forming a skate.
As for roofing skates, they are made of the same roofing material, which is covered with a roof: slate, metalloprolfile, ondulin, bituminous or ceramic tiles, etc. Today, the implementers offer the following range:
- Ridge staves.
- Semicircular skates.
- Mortise skates.
- Crossed skates.
Ridge lath builders are often called the "ridge profile".
Its function is to connect two opposite roof slopes at its upper point. In addition, the roofing skate is an important decorative element.
In the stores of building materials, you can easily select skate elements for the color of the roofing material, which will not spoil the appearance of the roof. During the installation work under the ridge profile, a layer of special sealant must be placed. As for the semi-circular skate, it performs the same functions, but it looks more beautiful.
Firms-manufacturers offer the big assortment of details which differ the invoice and color. Therefore, all the elements of the roof are better to buy in one place, so that later you do not have to search for suitable parts of the same color and texture.
The riveted ridge of the roof is used in the construction of hip roofs.
As you can see from the name, the part cuts into the roof structure. In this case, the hip of the hip roof is slightly lower than the main one (near the upper ridge). Thus, the valley is a joint element of the mortise skate. The crossed horse is also mounted on hip roofs. This kind of skate, as is clear from the name, has intersections, it is always placed strictly horizontally. Quite often, for this very reason, crossed skates are confused with roof hips.
A few important nuances in the skate design
In the process of work, it is important to remember that the skate must provide free air access to the under-roof space. Therefore, the roofing sheet should not fit tightly in the ridge.
The device of the roof ridge is made only at the last stage of roofing works. At the same time, a ventilation material is laid that protects the ridge board or beam from atmospheric precipitation, and also prevents small birds and insects from penetrating into the under-roof space.
To create a protective layer can be used: a special sealant, mineral or glass wool, and other materials.
Do not densely fill the space under the ridge, because you can disturb or even block the natural ventilation. Therefore, do not use materials such as mounting foam, which, expanding, hinder the free access of air. Similar problems often arise when constructing roofs of a mansard type.
Accessories and tools
After the roofing material is selected, it is necessary to buy a roofing covering, a skate, the necessary accessories and fasteners.
The list of the main components of the ridge:
- Skate rail.
- Ventilation material (tape).
- Mounting bracket for lightning conductor.
- Sealant.
- Seal for the ridge.
Of course, besides the components, it is necessary to prepare all the necessary tools in advance:
- Stairs with ledges for fastening on the roof.
- Level.
- Scissors for metal or a small Bulgarian.
- Screwdriver or drill with a head for roofing screws.
- Drills of the required diameter.
How to determine the height of a ridge
The compulsory moment in building a roof is to calculate its height correctly. This is necessary in order to subsequently correctly calculate the amount of material required for the rafter structure. All calculations are carried out strictly in accordance with the rules of geometry after the angle of inclination of the roof slopes is determined. For this purpose, there is a special table, which is used when there are already dimensions of the building and the angle of inclination of the roof slopes.
For example, the width of the building is 10 meters, and the angle of the roof is 35 degrees. We look at the table, where it is seen that the coefficient at the slope angle of 35 is 0.79. Next, divide the width of the building by 2 and multiply by a factor: 5 x 0.79 = 3.95 The height of the ridge in our case is almost four meters.
Types of roofing and skates
How the horse will be arranged depends directly on the roofing material. For this reason, the skate device should be considered already at the stage of choosing the roof cover.
If the roof is made of slate, you can buy elements for the ridge in the form of a gutter, which fits on a ridge board or a bar. The hinge on the slate roof is fastened with ordinary slate nails, which are worn by rubber gaskets.
At the same time, it is necessary to provide waterproofing of wooden roofing parts. Before the start of work on the installation of the skate, the beam is beaten with a tape of roofing material. Elements of a skate made of asbestos cement are often produced in an irregular shape - they are from one end. This is done so that the narrow end is densely included in the wider part of the next element of the ridge. The overlap should not be less than 7-10 centimeters. The first element is fastened with a special clamp.
If the roofing material is ceramic tile, you should purchase a set of details of the ridge. They are sold in the form of gutters and corners. In the process of making a ceramic skate for fixing parts, use a mortar and wire.
In the case where soft roll materials are used to cover the roof, the skate is made of the same material. From the magnitude of the slope angle of the roof slopes depends on the way of laying the slabs of the rudder material. If the angle is small, the canvas is laid along the ridge run. Otherwise, the material is laid perpendicularly. The overlap of the panels should be at least 25-30 centimeters.
If the roof is made of galvanized metal, then, as a rule, the details of the ridge are made by hand. Although, it should be noted that in the stores of building materials you can buy finished parts about 2 meters long.
A groove for the corrugated board is purchased in the kit. Attach it with screws to the corrugated sheet, pre-laying the ventilation tape.
If the skate is made independently, first measure the length of the ridge run, then cut off the strip of the desired width from the steel sheet, and bend it with a wooden or rubber hammer. A metal tool can not be used, since it will damage the zinc coating of the sheet.
Basic rules for the installation of a ridge
As we already mentioned above, the skate is mounted only after the roofing installation has been completely completed. Elements of the ridge are served with a working rope or with a winch.
To fix the elements of the ridge, firstly install a bar with a cross section of approximately 70x90 millimeters. To the beam on both sides are fastened on two perforated bars. Working on the roof ridge is very inconvenient and dangerous, especially if the angle of the ramp is large. Therefore, to ensure safety and convenience of work, the bracket is attached to the central beam, to which special bridges are suspended.
The ridge bar itself is attached to the central beam. The surface of the ridge beam should be slightly rounded for ease of attachment. To the semicircular surface, the ridge elements are much more secure and denser. The ridge bar before installation is treated with means against fungi and mold, and also upholstered along the entire length of strips of ruberoid. These simple preventive measures will help significantly increase the lifespan of the ridge. When installing a skate made of metal, all the details are fixed strictly to the ridge beam with screws or screws.
Fastening of the ridge
For example, consider the skate for metal. In order to ensure the proper reliability and functionality of the element, it is necessary to perform the following operations:
- We drill holes at the same time on the skates and on the flat side of the bar.
- During the installation work we make sure that the holes are strictly on the crests of the waves of the metal tile.
- We begin the installation of the ridge from one of the ends, we mount the element over the end plates.
- The edge of the ridge is let out at least 3 centimeters.
- When installing a flat skate, all parts must be overlapped from 10 cm.
- When assembling a semi-circular ridge, the parts must be docked strictly along the stamping line.
- The place and method by which the sub-edge board will be fixed depend on the angle of inclination of the roof rajids.
- To avoid mistakes in the process of work, it is advisable to simulate in advance one of the nodes of the ridge. In this case, it is worth paying attention to whether the ridge is the same as the slope of the roof slope. If there is an error, we adjust the ridge bar under the ramp. For this, if necessary, you can bend and unbend the ridge bar.
- Sometimes it becomes necessary to install a sub-fin board. It is fastened somewhat higher than the last board of the crate. The edge board should be 10-15 millimeters thicker than the other boards of the crate.
- The ridge plank is finally fixed with screws to sheets of metal tile. The pitch of the screws should be about 80 centimeters.
Construction of the roof and installation of all elements of the roof - the task of professional builders. They are also engaged in the installation of skates. This work seems simple only at first glance, and try to save, and you do not need to mount skates with your own hands - it's better to provide this business to specialists.
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