A healthy person can easily navigate, both at home and in the street. in the surrounding world. A healthy child, starting to walk, gradually remembers the streets, gets to know the surrounding world. Growing up, he will learn how to find the way, both to school and home. But, unfortunately, not all people have good eyesight from birth, and sometimes a person loses sight in the process of life. People with visual disabilities face the complexity of movement in space. To help such people, tactile tiles were developed. Tactile tiles are used as flooring not only indoors, but also outdoors. Our society is gradually coming to the conclusion that it is necessary to provide assistance to people with disabilities. The state accepts programs on the need to introduce not only buses for disabled people, construction of ramps and wheelchair entrances, but also equips tracks for blind people, and these paths are laid out with tactile tiles.
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Tactile tile where it can be used
Usually, people with poor eyesight find it difficult to navigate in unfamiliar premises and move around the street.
Any protrusions, angles, various obstacles can become an insurmountable obstacle.
It is in such cases that a tactile tile comes to the aid of a person.
Tactile tiles will help people to orient themselves in space, bulges on the tile will inform the person about the direction of movement.
Such an assistant can be used almost everywhere.
Unfortunately, in our cities, such a tile is very rarely established.
Though, the advanced shopping centers, already quite successfully use such tile.
Gradually, healthy people come to understand the need to create conditions for active social life for people with disabilities.
Varieties of tactile tiles
Tactile floor tiles can be used in a private house, on a plot of land - if people with a vision are living in this house. Tactile floor tiles are used in public areas where there is patency of people with different levels of vision.
Depending on the operating conditions of tactile floor tiles, it can be made of various materials, namely:
-tactile tile based on polymers;
-Tactile tile from porcelain stoneware;
-tactile tiles from ceramics;
-out of concrete;
-from granite.
The cheapest tactile floor tile is a polymer tile.
This tile can be produced from different compositions and has a different color range.
The basis of PVC tiles is self-adhesive.
The most solid tactile floor tiles are tiles made of porcelain stoneware.
As the tile from porcelain tiles has increased strength, such a tile is laid in places with increased cross-country ability.
Increased workload is available in libraries, office buildings, offices and shopping centers.
However, it should be noted that for comfort, for people with impaired vision, the best is the ceramic tactile tile.
To help people with impaired vision comes to ceramic tiles, which clearly expressed the reef, which enables a person to navigate in space, not only on the basis of tactile sensations, but also because of the acoustics.
Concrete tactile tiles are designed for installation on pedestrian crossings, as this tile can withstand a load of several tons. Because of the minimum color gamut, concrete tactile tiles are not practiced in an indoor installation, such as apartments or houses.
Granite tactile tiles have a very beautiful and respectable appearance. Tracks made of granite tactile tiles have increased resistance to wear and are able to maintain their appearance at sudden temperature jumps. Granite tactile tiles are available in a wide range of colors, which improves the movement of the visually impaired.
Tactile tiles are divided according to their main purpose, there are several types:
- guide strips;
ribbons;
-indicators.
To help blind people, output of products made of strong aluminum in the form of straight or angular strips is adjusted.
These, the so-called guide strips are used in public premises.
Tactile bands are often found, they are made of polymers or rubber.
Such tactile tapes have a different color range and special guide channels are made in the tile itself.
The floor indicator is made of stainless steel, the indicator helps the disabled person with poor eyesight to orient in an unfamiliar place. It should be noted that for the safety of people on slippery surfaces, enterprises produce anti-slip products.
Criteria for selecting tactile tiles
Since the appointment of tactile tiles is to create ease of movement of visually impaired people in the room or on the street, tactile tiles must meet certain requirements.
Therefore, the tiles have different patterns:
straight or diagonal strip;
-rifts;
-cones.
A straight line on the tile indicates the direction of the path.
This tile is used when paving roads.
At the beginning and end of the track, elements must be laid out that indicate a change of direction.
Such elements can serve as a sidewalk tile with cones.
Paving tile with cones prompts blind, which can be an obstacle ahead in the form of steps or roadway.
Tactile tile with diagonal stripe prompts the change of direction, this tile is used as a binder member cornering. When choosing a tile, it is necessary to take into account the size of the tile, since the pedestrian step length exceeds 0.5 meters, and the blind person must have time to understand that the pattern has changed, the tile length should be 0.6 meters or more.
The height of the tile also matters, the tactile pattern should have a height of at least 5 mm. from the substrate, and the tape should have a height from the floor covering of 5-10 mm.
It is better to choose a tactile tile of yellow bright color.
Requirements for the installation of tactile tiles
Since the tactile tile should come to the aid of a blind person, the installation of this tile should be carried out according to the following rules:
-If there is a ladder in front of a person, a strip is set before it, warning about the obstacle ahead;
-the first and last steps of the staircase are highlighted in bright colors;
-tactile tile with longitudinal corrugation indicates the direction of motion;
- before the obstacle set square corrugation;
- At the turns set tactile tiles with a diagonal pattern;
-Tactile pattern should be clearly visible above the surface;
-Tactile tiles are laid on the finished surface or built into it.
The cheapest installation of tactile cover is the installation of a polymer product plus stainless steel strip.
But the price of such a tile is quite high and not every kind of polymer tile can be used outdoors.
Cheaper is the rubber tile, but its service life is small, depending on the load after several years requires replacement.
The most expensive is granite tactile tiles, so it is used very rarely.
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