Times when most people in the kitchen and the house had almost the same technique, long over. Today, manufacturers provide great opportunities to meet a variety of tastes and preferences in the arrangement of the kitchen area. Within the framework of this publication, we will talk about built-in hobs - their types, devices and methods of connection.
Content
Types of cooking surfaces
If you want to upgrade your kitchen, make it modern - this will not require much money, since buy a cheap kitchen can. But in order to make it modern and fashionable, it is better to buy a built-in technique, for example - a hob.
The hob is built-in household appliances, it is practical, saves space in the kitchen and in its functionality is not inferior to the usual stove. There are two types of cooking surfaces - dependent and independent.
dependent hob
Reminiscent of the appearance of a conventional stove for cooking, is produced with an oven. The only difference is that the dependent panel is built into the kitchen furniture, and not separately. The control is located on the oven panel. The hob and oven, as a rule, are from the same manufacturer. This allows you to use all the possibilities of home appliances to the maximum. When buying a dependent hob, attention should be paid not only to the compatibility of brands of manufacturers. Buy a simple oven hob with all the "bells and whistles" - unreasonable. First of all, there will be problems with the connectors, it will be necessary to buy additional plugs and parts in order to use all the possibilities of the modern hob. In addition, it should be noted that the hob is located on top of the oven, and that products from different manufacturers may simply not fit the dimensions. As a rule, in the shops, dependent hobs are realized together with fully compatible ovens. Yes, and they are an order of magnitude less than the manned by individual order.
independent hob
It is a cooking zone, in simple terms - a simple panel with several burners. In this case, the oven and built-in hob can be installed in completely different places and function independently. The advantage of an independent hob is that it saves a lot of space in the kitchen, saving money (the oven is not necessary for everyone and not always, and you can buy it later), it is compact, the panel can be installed without any difficulties even in the usual countertop.
When choosing a hob, it does not matter whether it is dependent or independent, it is necessary to determine whether the type of heating is gas or electricity. Of course, in some cases, you do not have to choose - if your house or apartment is not gasified. But we still consider the features of cooking surfaces with different types of heating.
built-in gas hob
In this case, heating is carried out by burning natural gas. However, some models of cooking surfaces are also designed for the use of liquefied petroleum gas, propane and butane. The heating elements of the gas hob are gas burners of different power - from 100 to 3500 W. Most models are equipped with injectors for balloon gas, since the pressure in the balloon is slightly higher than in the gas main. For safety reasons, most hobs are provided with a "gas-control" function, which ensures that the gas supply stops, in case the flame goes out. In addition, for convenience, the gas hobs are equipped with an electric ignition system - a piezoelectric element is installed near each burner, which, when the button is pressed, triggers and ignites the gas. Gas hobs are very effective, they provide the fastest heating, they are more economical (when compared with electrical).
With regard to materials of manufacture and design solutions, here the buyer is given a wide choice. Cooking panels are made of stainless steel.
And also with enamel surface, from glass ceramics. The models "gas on glass" are very popular.
In such hobs, gas burners are covered with a sheet of strong tempered glass. The smooth surface of this panel looks very nice, fits well into the interior of the kitchen, it is easy to clean, the glass is very easy to wash.
Enamelled surfaces are used in cheap models. However, enamel eventually loses its appearance due to scratches and damages, despite the fact that modern models are covered with a special acid-resistant paint. The stainless steel panel is more durable. Can be matte and polished. Special stainless chemical substances are used to clean the stainless surface. One of the most high-quality and durable surfaces is glass-ceramic.
She is not afraid of blows or heat. However, when cooking, you should be careful with the loose ingredients - salt, sugar, cereals, flour, etc., as they damage the glass ceramics.
A major role in the design of the hob is played by the material from which the grilles of the gas burner are made.
For example, almost all manufacturers in the budget models use stainless steel for making gratings. Lattices made of cast iron are installed on more expensive models, they are more durable and practical.
Additional functions, which are equipped with gas cooking surfaces:
- Gas supply stop by the switch. One switch stops the gas supply simultaneously to all the speakers.
- Rotary switch. With their help, an automatic electric ignition of the gas and adjustment of the flame in the burners are performed.
- Gas burner with double flame. This is a burner, which has two rows of flame. It is more powerful, the food on it is prepared much faster than on a conventional burner due to a more uniform and intensive warming up of the dishes.
- Gas burner with triple flame. This burner is perfect for quick cooking. On a triple flame, a large cast-iron frying pan works perfectly - at a high temperature in a frying pan you can cook fish, meat and vegetables.
built-in electric hob
Cooking with electrical heating is used widely enough, even if the apartment or house is gasified. The traditional electric panel is equipped with round burners, called "pancakes" among the people. Surfaces of such a hob are made of stainless steel or covered with enamel, the control panel of them, as a rule, is external, with handles-switches, the grilles are made of cast iron.
The electric cooking surface can have different shapes - for non-traditional, specialized purposes. Such a panel will serve as an excellent assistant in the kitchen, with its help you can prepare new, interesting dishes. These cooktops are often produced with a domino surface.
They are small in size, which does not affect performance at all. Using the "domino" model, you can create your own cooking zone, according to your tastes and preferences.
Good functionality and a wide variety of design solutions make electric hobs attractive for many consumers. Modern models are made of glass ceramics, stainless steel or with enamel coating.
Like in gas hobs, glass ceramics are the most popular, reliable and beautiful material. It has good thermal conductivity and at the same time is resistant to thermal stress.
The design features of glass-ceramic surfaces include the shape and heating zones, the type of control - touch or with the help of handles, the presence of a frame at the panel.
The frame is made of stainless steel or painted in black or white. The frame protects the edge of the panel from damage.
Additional functions that can be equipped with electric hobs
- Expansion zone. Allows you to increase or decrease the heating zone, depending on the size of the dishes.
- Electronics boiling. With this function, heating can be significantly accelerated. The burner is switched on for maximum power, and after a while the power automatically goes down.
- For example, quickly brought to boil borsch will continue to cook on a small "fire."
- Blocking from children. This function "prohibits" changing the current settings for cooking does not allow you to turn on the burners.
- Indication of heat. Displays hot plates. This is a convenient function from the point of view of economy and safety - you will know for sure that the hotplate has not yet fully cooled down.
- Booster function. With its help, you can provide a short-term power jump, up to 10 minutes. After this, the heating is reduced. The connection of the electric integrated hob
Before you start connecting the hob, be sure to pay attention to its power. Modern panels consume electricity with a big "appetite" - up to 7 kW. It is clear that the wiring should correspond to such loads, otherwise it is possible not only to break the hob, but also the occurrence of a fire.
Electrical panels are divided into two types:
- Ordinary (with a metal disc).
- Induction (only the place where the dishes stand is heated).
And although the principle of their action is different, the surfaces are connected in exactly the same way. You can connect the hob yourself, without the help of electricians, the main thing is to follow the instructions exactly.
Preparing for installation
The cooking surface is most often mounted in the kitchen countertop. For work we will need:
- Painting tape.
- Pencil.
- Electric jigsaw.
- Drill.
After the marking is done, we paste the painting tape accordingly. Inside the marking we drill a hole for the saw file, cut the hole exactly according to the marking.
Insert the panel into the prepared hole. From the bottom, the hob is attached to the table top with special legs. Installation of the built in hob takes no more than half an hour, after that it is possible to connect the hob to the mains.
Most people prefer a standard plug-socket connection. However, experts recommend connecting the hob directly, with a separate cable, directly to the hob terminals. This connection is very reliable, since the screws on the terminals press the contacts well. If it is not possible to lay a separate cable, then it is necessary to install a separate outlet specially for the hob. Most often, the hobs connect a voltage of 200 volts.
But many manufacturers produce models with power from 380 Volts. In this case, it is important not to make a mistake and not to wind the phase wire to ground or "zero" - there is a risk of short-circuit and electric shock.
To connect the hob to the 380-volt network, you need a copper cable, five cores - PVA 5x4 mm - only with it can you make a safe and reliable connection.
The ready-assembled connection consists of five contacts. To the first three we connect the phase (most often wire with gray insulation). "Zero" wire is fixed to the rest by a special jumper. Then you can start connecting the ground. Here there will be no difficulties - "land" is usually marked with a special symbol. The wire must be fixed to a pre-prepared bolt connected to the ground.
If you have a private house connected to a network of 380 volts, then the device must necessarily be connected to three phases. To do this, remove the jumpers from the first three pins and connect three phases to them. To the fifth contact is attached a neutral wire. This way you can maximize the tension.
Connecting the gas panel
The following tools will be needed:
- Adjustable wrench.
- Painting Scotch.
- Electric jigsaw and drill.
- A set of screwdrivers and wrenches.
- A sharp knife, a sealant.
The gas panel is installed in the countertop, as well as the electric panel. Between the hob and the wall, leave at least 55 millimeters of free space.
Next, you need to pick up jets for gas, if they are not sold together with the panel. For natural and balloon gas, different jets are needed, which ones - you can find out from the seller-consultant. Fit the threaders with the socket wrench of the correct size.
Then fix the corner for gas supply. It takes a flexible tube, since all modern hobs are connected to the electrical network to start the burners.
After the end of these operations, insert the panel into the countertop. The hob is fixed from below with special paws. If there is a gap between the panel and the table top, it can be closed with a sealant or filled with sealant. To connect the panel to the gas pipe, you need a steel corrugated hose, necessarily certified by the local gas service.
And finally, it will be superfluous to remind you that gas and electricity should not be treated lightly. For all the apparent simplicity of the above-described works, their implementation requires the presence of at least some knowledge, skills and experience. So if you are not sure of your abilities, call specialists.
Important: any work with the gas pipe in the house must be performed by specialists of the gas company!
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