It is known that a remarkable quality in the construction is a subtle flair with the possibility of saving materials. Therefore, competent estimates and calculations in design and construction organizations are worth gold. To learn how to save while carrying out own construction activities on a countryside site, for example, the construction of a bath, it is possible. It is enough to make a feasibility study and calculations of the construction stages.
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Building a sauna, sparingly and quickly
The dream of any developer is the presence of a cozy bath on a suburban site. Bearing in mind the construction plan, and carefully studying all available material, including photo frame structures, the moment of building a bath comes.
But before building a frame construction, do not put to evaluate the cost side, in order to quickly and economically build a bath. Undoubtedly, the successful construction strategy will be laid in the correctly selected project, the choice of location and the selection of materials.
Frame construction, whose projects can be found on the Internet, in itself is an economical option. According to statistics, the construction of a single-storey bathhouse can be performed in a week.
In our case, when constructing a bath with his own hands, the developer acts as a designer, builder and foreman at the same time. Here you can get around and save a little for the benefit of your own wallet.
Therefore, experts recommend the construction of skeleton baths from the project and calculate the calculation of construction costs.
Design and calculation of a skeleton bath
According to the technology of frame construction, the construction of the bath construction begins with a substantiation of the choice and calculation of the foundation. The construction project should take into account:
- general layout of the building in size with reference to the terrain
- sound foundation type
- facades with a breakdown by axes
- bill of materials
- estimate of construction costs.
Enlarged cost estimate and bill of materials for frame construction contain a list of necessary for the construction of the foundation, the lower frame of the frame, the erection of wall modules, installation of the floor, beams overlapping, roofing, finishing of all types. The cost estimate allows you to calculate the cost of frame construction.
After determining the overall dimensions of the structure and drawing the layout and facades with a breakdown by axes, proceed with the design and construction of the skeleton module.
At this stage, it will not hurt to calculate the approximate weight of the bath. Let's say that the parameter "approximate" weight of the house must include the weight of the roof, floor, floors and payload. To determine the approximate weight of the bath, there is a calculated coefficient equal to the product of 1 pm. at a height of 3 m and a weight of 1.7 tons. For a single-story building, multiply by the perimeter and the coefficient. 1.7.
Construction of a skeleton bath, stage by stage
The main stages in the frame technology of bath construction are:
- foundation erection
- strapping of the lower frame
- carcass erection
- the device of a roof and a floor
- exterior and interior decoration.
basement of the bath
A modest sauna house has a low weight, and the foundation is built using a simplified technology.
It is possible to erect such types of foundations:
- ribbon shallow with reinforcing cage (labor-intensive and expensive measure)
- prefabricated with a strong lower strapping (a cheaper option)
- columnar with a monolithic grillage
- pile drilling.
The optimal economical option can be considered a columnar foundation, made of asbestos-cement pipes with concrete pouring. The contour of the basement of the bathhouse will represent a rigid spatial frame on which the harnesses are built and modular walls are erected.
The location and pitch of the pillars of the foundation are planned and calculated. There is a special program for the calculation of foundations.
Recall that, according to the design scheme, the main working elements are pillars and grillage. After the calculation, we determine the way of reinforcing the elements and the composition of the concrete solution for pouring. The construction of a foundation in the construction of a frame house by oneself is considered to be the most costly and expensive measure, on which it is not worth saving.
Therefore, we proceed as follows:
- we purchase asbestos-cement pipes diam.100 mm
- we drill wells in the soil diam. 200 mm
- we prepare pipes along the length from the "3х3" installation scheme
- install the pipes into the drilled holes and fill the edges with sand
- prepare the cement mortar, and fill the pipes.
At present, there is a tendency to build baths on a cheaper pile foundation.
After preparing the foundation, go to the strapping of the lower frame.
lower frame
The most important design of the bath is the lower frame, on which the places of installation of the beams of the floor beams and the fastening elements of the boards of the finishing floor are marked.
Strapping the lower frame is made from a bar section 150h150 mm, beams overlapping from the board section 50h150 mm, and as an auxiliary overhead support beams elements use bars 50x50 mm.
strapping of the lower frame
For binding use boards with a section of 50x100 mm with preliminary treatment with an antiseptic. Then, the walls are marked out with the outline of the outer laying. The boards are placed with an outer edge, they are joined together by nails in connection with the support. Mounting metal supports for fastening the strapping and log are installed in advance.
placement and installation of floor beams
You can install joists in the following ways:
- using overhead support elements
- using metal shoes
- insert into the frame of the lower strapping.
The first two methods are expensive, so you can give preference to the sidebar by determining and calculating the vertical dimensions of the wall modules according to the height of the room, taking into account the thickness of the floor.
scheme and calculation of wall modules
calculating the height of the shield
The scheme of wall modules will have to be calculated or taken ready, with drawn frames along the axes. In calculating the height of the shield will be present: the size of the wall frame, taking into account the bar of the lower strapping, the upper strapping and the floor beam, as well as the mating nodes.
When the walls of the bath are erected, the distance between the axes is of particular importance. The center-to-center value of the indicator should be 0.6 m.
This value must be sustained if the connection does not involve the arrangement of a doorway or window opening. Particular attention should be given to the scheme of mounting boards in the nodes of coupling.
The installation scheme of the frame structures depends on the horizontal dimensions of the assembly units, which are selected and calculated. At the stage of mounting wall models, you can adjust the size of the modules, which will lead to a reduction in the cost of construction.
How to do this? Depending on the thickness of the selected sawn timber standard section it makes sense to use additional bars. For example, to increase the cavity of the wall module under the heat-insulating material, we use blocks 50x50 mm. The bars are filled to the posts in steps of 500-600 mm for roll-up steam and thermal insulation. Again, the savings on the insulation, because the roll insulation is cheaper than the tile!
In addition, it is recommended to install additional racks in the areas of wall interfacing, which simplify and reduce the cost of expensive interior finishing.
After fixing the carcass panels of the bath, the frame is checked for squareness and verticality, and then lined with moisture-resistant material.
assemblage of a skeleton of a bath
It is noted that wireframe technologies, in which the framework has been embedded in a strict sequence of compliance with technological measures, help to save on the duration of construction.
Standard project documentation involves the erection and construction of a frame with a step of 100 cm, using planks.
In addition to the walls of the frame, the bath is equipped with partitions between the washing room, the dressing room and the steam room. Similarly to the frame type of walls, partitions are also insulated and lay steam and waterproofing film, placing the insulation material between the covering of the partitions.
For the economical and quick erection of a bath, a gable roof with a rafter system is arranged.
Floor for a frame bath is laid on the principle of a traditional wooden floor and using SIP panels.
By the way, at the stage of drafting the baths, they make up the specification of the materials.
The material specification consists of:
- typical boards (50x120 mm)
- beams (120x120) and bars (65x40), boards for the crate (20-30 mm)
- fasteners
- cement and sand
- insulation.
Traditionally, when compiling specifications and statements of material volumes, the estimated volume is increased by 15%. This tricky technique is used by almost all estimates. We can confidently say that at these 15 percent it is possible to save quite well, because surplus construction materials can always be attached.
Skeleton construction of houses and baths has in its arsenal typical parts and designs that are easy to make by templates with their own hands.
Each developer has his own draft frame house. Perhaps you will like this one, offered in the video.
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