Most of the owners of suburban and dacha plots are happy to cultivate small household plots of 4-5 acres, while some of them are satisfied with planting flowers, caring for the lawn, and so on. But most still prefer to extract from their land a practical benefit in the form of a crop of potatoes, various kinds of vegetables and berries.
Today, the market of garden machinery offers a large number of various devices for mechanized processing of land and facilitating manual labor.
The most popular units include motor cultivators and mantoblocks.
Content
Motoblock or moto cultivator
Until quite recently, owners of their own plots in the spring armed with bayonet shovels and diligently dug up their plots. But if we are talking about 5 or 6 hundred parts, then there is no problem, but if you need to process 20-30-40 acres? For the digging of such a site, a brigade of strong excavators will be needed, and one can not do with plowing, it is necessary to loosen, plant, sow, hoe, etc.
Nowadays, to the owners of their own allotments, motoblocks and motor cultivators have come, allowing one person to cope in places where the efforts of 5-6 workers were required earlier.
What is the difference between a motoblock and a motor cultivator? At first glance, there is no difference between these units, because they are very similar to each other, so they are often confused. The difference between these two aggregates lies in the purpose and number of functions. If we talk about the cultivator, it is designed, mainly, for loosening the land and preparing for planting.
Motoblock is much more functional and its capabilities are limited only by the availability of attachments. You can install a hiller, a plow, a mower, a harrow, a motor pump, watering and sprinkling devices, etc., on the motor-block. Very often the motor block is used to transport goods up to one ton and more.
For this purpose, there are trailers for motoblocks on sale. The unit is equipped with one or several pulleys designed to increase / decrease the number of "horsepower" and ensure the operation of virtually any device. Due to its power and versatility, the motor blocks are very popular in the domestic market. Management motoblock fairly simple - almost all controls are located on the handlebars.
However, for turns it is necessary to put some effort - the wheels of most motor blocks do not rotate, and you have to deploy the whole block, which requires the operator to have physical strength and skill, especially when working in loose ground.
For many models of cultivators, manufacturers use a power unit with a large range of attachments, which significantly blurs the boundaries between the two types of aggregates. Motor cultivators of medium and high power are close by the number of functions to the motor blocks, but, nevertheless, they are inferior to them.
On sale are also hand cultivators without an engine. Such devices are used mainly by summer residents for loosening the soil and treating small beds on the site. The construction of cultivators is quite diverse, and very often they resemble their "older brothers" equipped with an engine.
To make the right choice in favor of a motoblock or a motor cultivator, the owner of his own site needs to decide which tasks he will perform. If you only need to cultivate the soil, you can border the cultivator. When the technique is needed not only for processing, hilling and weeding, but also for carrying out more serious work: mowing, cleaning snow, transporting heavy loads, then, of course, it is worth opting for a motoblock.
The next question is to determine the capacity of the unit.
What is the power to choose a motoblock or a cultivator?
Choosing a device for power, it is customary to focus on the area of the land, which is to be processed. By the term "processing" is meant exactly plowing - work that can be performed by both a motor-block and a motor cultivator.
If a person is a simple summer resident, who primarily cares about the aesthetic pleasure obtained from resting on his own plot, and his concerns do not go beyond planting flowers of annual plants and caring for lawns, he does not need a motor-block for a dacha. To from time to time superficially loosen the soil on a pair of three-hundred square meters, it is quite enough light or ultralight cultivator.
Also, gardeners should look at the electric models of cultivators: they are cheap, easy to operate, and they have a lot less weight than complex analogues.
True, their capacity is not sufficient for deep plowing and raising virgin lands, but this is not required. The only serious drawback of electrical devices is the presence of a wire, which greatly hinders the operation.
One of the main advantages of electric cultivators, including ultralight ones, is high maneuverability, which allows them to be used in a limited space - for example, in a greenhouse. Due to their light weight and dimensions, electric cultivators are indispensable for the solution of such tasks.
When carrying out large-scale agricultural operations, the purpose of which is to obtain a high crop, it is necessary to use either a powerful cultivator or a motor-block. On sites with an area of 4-8 acres, it is advisable to use a 3.5-hp unit. with a capture of 60 centimeters, from 9 to 12 hectare - 4 hp, capture 80 centimeters, from 13 to 35 hectare - 5-6 hp, capture 90 cm, one hectare and more - 9 hp, capture - one meter. If there is an area with a larger area, serious agricultural machinery should already be used, although sometimes it is possible to find recommendations on the network for handling up to 9 hectares of motor blocks with a capacity of 6 hp and 9 hp. Among the population the most popular are aggregates with a capacity of 3.5.-5 hp. More powerful buy rarely.
Choosing a device for processing a site, you need to calculate not the whole of its area, but only the part to be processed. One indicator can not be limited, it is necessary to take into account the entire list of manipulations that a block or cultivator must perform. Plowing the ground with a plow to a sufficient depth is only possible with a heavy-duty motor block, the same can be said about the hilling and harvesting of root crops, for example, potatoes. The vast majority of cultivators will not cope with such tasks.
In theory, you can imagine a model of a motor cultivator with a capacity of several horsepower and a grip of one meter. But in practice such an aggregate will very often break down due to excessive loads, and its efficiency will be insufficient.
If we talk about the motoblock, the width of the grip depends directly on the attachments, which must be properly selected according to the power of the unit.
gear reducer
When choosing a motor cultivator or a motor block, you should carefully familiarize yourself with the gear unit - this unit determines the service life and reliability of the unit as a whole.
With this unit, the torque is transmitted from the motor shaft to the working devices of the motor cultivator or the motor block. In cheap and light models of cultivators, an undivided reduction gear is often installed. Its failure does not leave the owner of the choice - you have to change the whole site
engine
One of the main criteria that guide the choice of technology, of course, is the engine. Conditionally all engines for blocks and cultivators can be divided into three classes: amateur semi-professional and professional. The main difference between all three classes - power and motor life - the maximum life of the engine, which is calculated in hours. Weak engines with a short period of operation are set for simple amateur equipment.
The type of engine is an important indicator when choosing a motor cultivator or a motor block.
There are two- and four-stroke types of engines. The work of a two-stroke engine, as is clear from the name, consists of only two strokes (piston strokes), four-stroke - of four. In the four-stroke engine, there is a drip tray for motor oil, which is periodically pumped into the engine as needed, which saves considerably its consumption. Models with a four-stroke engine are traditionally considered more advanced and they are, respectively, more expensive.
Two-stroke engines are weaker, they are very noisy, they release a lot of exhaust gases, since the oil for such engines must be mixed with fuel, which, accordingly, increases its consumption.
Motoblocks: prices and manufacturers
Today, in the modern market of garden machinery and mini-equipment, there is a wide choice of products from different manufacturers.
Foreign manufacturers: Briggs & Stratton, Tecumseh, MTD (USA), Lifan and LianLong (China), Robin-Subaru and Honda (Japan), Lombardini (Italy), and many others.
The technology of foreign production, including Chinese, is characterized by high reliability and long service life. Accordingly, the prices for it are quite high. So, the motorboat of Honda is a middle-class gasoline with a capacity of 3.9 hp. with a capture width of up to 90 centimeters will cost about 130,000 rubles.
Domestic counterparts are, naturally, much cheaper. Among the motorized blocks of Russian manufacturers, the most popular among landowners are Salyut, Cascade, Neva, Favrit, etc.
Petrol motorboat Neva of middle class with capacity 6.5 hp and width of capture up to 1.6 m (cultivation) can be purchased on average for 80 000 rubles.
On motoblocks, diesel prices vary greatly depending on the manufacturer. Motoblock "Centaur" produced in China capacity of 8 hp. and the capture width of one meter is, on average, from 80 00 rubles.
Attachments for motoblock
For the basic cultivation of the land, the motor-block is completed with a plow. One-hull, two-hull, universal and swivel plows can be used.
For spring processing, the cutters for the motor block are perfectly suitable.
They can be installed in place of the wheels or have a trailing drive from the PTO shaft. For the same purpose, flat-top cutters are installed on the motoblock. To produce a surface treatment of the soil, the motoblock is equipped with disk, gear or rotary harrows.
For the planting works, the precision-sowing drills are attached to the motoblock, with the help of which it is possible to sow very quickly such crops as buckwheat, corn, beets, peas, etc. With the help of a grain seeder, crops are sown. All seeders can have an additional fertilizer hopper.
To protect crops from pests use a variety of chemicals. With the spray perfectly copes motoblock, equipped with a sprayer.
To irrigate the field or garden you can use a motor pump equipped with a PTO drive.
For planting potatoes, a potato planter is installed on the truck, hills - hillers, for processing rows - hoes, for harvesting - potato diggers.
If the farm contains cattle, it is possible to harvest and transport hay, straw and other feed with the help of a motor-block. For mowing, a mower is used, which is attached to the motor block. The mower can be segmental and rotary.
By the way, hay can be mowed not only for cattle, but, for example, for mulch.
For the transport of goods, the motor-block is completed with a trailer. Folk craftsmen make trailers independently from improvised materials, but it is easier to buy a ready-made trailer, specially adapted for a motor-block. The average cost of a trailer for a motoblock (without wheels) is from 8,000 rubles.
With the help of a motoblock, you can clean snow or sweep tracks using special brushes. For snow removal, blade and rotary snow blowers are designed.
Do not hurt in the farm such exotic attachments, as:
• Concrete mixer.
• Earth drill.
• Device for trench digging.
• Garden shredder and twigs.
All of the above equipment is now available in the factory version, although quite often there are original handicrafts.
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