It is known that one of the critical moments of the operation of the house is the sudden flooding of the cellar after heavy rainfall. Frozen with a lump in the throat: "Guard!" Can be prevented if the timely high-quality waterproofing of the basement itself.
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Lantern, cellar and ... groundwater
The long-awaited heavy rainfall in the form of a shower in hot summer can be considered a gift of nature. Lively from the rain, plants and vegetables begin to please owners of private houses and cottages. But the joy will be premature until you understand and make sure that the ground water undermines the basement of the house.
Wearing rubber boots and going down to the basement of the house, it is necessary to start a decisive battle with flooding. Naturally, the first thing that needs to be done in this situation is to drain the water from the basement and strengthen the waterproofing. Pick up the pump and pump out the water from the basement is not difficult. The most popular model of the unit for pumping water from the basement is a drainage pump.
Drain pump: design and function
The drain pump is designed for pumping and draining waste water from tanks:
• cellars
• foundation pits
• Pit holes and mines
• domestic pipelines and sewerage.
The normally permissible particle size of impurities in the pumped water depends on the model of the unit. It can be solid particles with a diameter of up to 12 mm and up to 120 mm, depending on the volumes of pumped out drains.
Structurally, the drainage pump has an inlet and an outlet pipe. Through the entrance pipe, the water from the basement is sucked in, and with the use of the outlet pipe, water is discharged outside the basement.
It must be remembered that the drain pump must pump the water faster relative to the rising water level in the basement. Therefore, when choosing a drain pump, remember the performance and capacity of the unit.
When pumping water from the basement of the house using a submersible drain pump, the discharge to the existing external sewerage or sewage treatment plant is performed. Such hydraulic structures should be located on the other side of the basement. The installation location of the drainage submersible pump will be the basement itself.
The depth of installation of the drainage pump should be negligible, because in emergency situations of underflooding the main criterion is the simplicity and speed of access to operating equipment. Therefore, for submersible drainage pumps, the main criteria are:
• Mobility of the installation
• ease of operation
• Productivity of the unit.
Therefore, in order to exclude the emergence of a critical situation, it will not hurt to know in more detail about the nature of flooding and the structure of water - potential sources of flooding.
How to make pumping water from the basement using drainage pumps will help you this video.
Soil, surface and groundwater
Warn at once that the reasons for flooding the basement of a private house is enough. The main factors affecting the possibility of flooding the basement of the house are the nature, structure and quality of the waters surrounding the site.
General information on the nature of groundwater and surface water is collected at the stage of engineering and geological research and design. Neglect this information should not be, because more detailed information about the soil and hydrogeology of the site will not be.
It is necessary to distinguish the following types of water that affect the water saturation of the soil in the house and the flooding of the basement:
• thawed
• ground
• surface
• soil and soil.
The most sparing and harmless, from the point of view of the possibility of causing material damage, can be considered the presence of meltwater. Protect the basement and basement of the house from meltwater is simple enough. To do this, it is necessary to lay and direct shallow grooves to the slope of the site, along which thawed water will safely leave the soil.
Exaggerated basement of any private house can be represented in the form of a "box" buried in a certain depth, the walls of which are constantly under the influence of groundwater. Soil consisting of a light loam and sandy loam, an excellent environment for the formation of water lenses and lakes, which ground water infiltration and attack from outside the cellar wall. And if we add to this the shortcomings of the basement waterproofing from groundwater, the flooding of the basement will be guaranteed.
A powerful potential source of flooding the basement of a private house can surely be called groundwater. As a rule, the design data of geological and hydrogeological surveys of soils on the site of a private house orient the owner to the fact that the groundwater level passes below the foundation level. However, dense layers of soil remaining under the basement of the basement have a tendency to accumulate water and water-saturated masses.
In this case, a critical hydrostatic pressure may arise, which simply "tears" the poorly installed waterproofing of the basement. To worsen the situation may be the presence of poor drainage and trenches, suitable for a private house.
Recall that the "correct" drainage involves the arrangement of a trench with a width of up to 30-50 cm. At the same time, the depth of the trenches should be located below the lower mark of the basement. In the lower part of the trench, a perforated pipe is installed. The trench is covered with rubble of a large faction.
On the perimeter of the trench, a non-rotting material is made - geotextile. The trench should be located under a slope away from the house and have an outlet below the level of the basement mark. The presence of an equipped trench will help to remove ground, surface and soil-surface water from a large area.
About insidiousness of surface and ground waters in the basement waterproofing know almost everything, but no one in due time does not take proper measures to mitigate the impact of water on the waterproofing.
Modern methods of waterproofing the basement
Before starting or continuing the struggle for the dry cellar of a private house, it is necessary to assess the existing risks. In practice, this will mean the study of the passage of groundwater in the area, confirmation of the granulometric composition of the soil and the reinforcement of the basement's waterproofing from the inside. Modern waterproofing materials of penetrating action create the maximum conditions for arrangement of waterproofing of the cellar with their own hands.
Why is the penetrating waterproofing considered to be the most popular for reliable waterproofing of the basement? Penetrating waterproofing is:
• application from the inside to the work surface
• Significant penetration of the material (50 cm or more)
• possibility of applying even on a wet basement surface
• Long service life, equal to the service life of the concrete foundation (up to 50 years).
How to produce a spray of heat and waterproofing the basement with their own hands will tell the video.
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