Band saws have long been no wonder in the workshop of the Home Master. Detecting the saw blade can be done on small sawmills, band saws, screagues and split saws. Versatile and reliable design of the saw blade, and the possibility of their multiple uses allow the use of the "ribbon" everywhere. How should I choose this type of equipment?
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Band saws for the home master
Band saws are a cutting tool, used everywhere for band saw machines. The band saw is structured in the form of a flexible steel tape, tightly looped, with working teeth on one edge.
The tape is mounted on two pulleys, which rotate the electric motor of the band saw machine. With the help of a band saw it is possible to perform straight and curved cuts. Due to the possibility of a straight and shaped sawing of materials, the field of application of a band saw is diverse and is not limited to furniture production and construction work.
For any home master, the presence of a band saw for metal or wood is an excellent help in carrying out work. By what principle should you choose band saws?
Types of band saws
There are the following types of band saws:
• serrated saws
• saws with toothless friction
• electrospark action.
In contrast to the hacksaw blades, the band saws are made with a closed contour. Band saws with teeth are used for cutting and cutting any materials, including metal, wood, foam concrete and other building materials.
Band saws toothless friction and electric spark action have the principle of action, similar to the work of circular saws friction. However, the assignment of teeth in band saws differs from the purpose of the circular saw teeth and the electric spark action.
When choosing a band saw for metal, it is necessary to pay attention to the design features of the band saw machine. The main purpose of the band saw for metal is to perform straight, curly and angular cuts of the metal workpiece.
Therefore, the presence of rotary sponges, which allow cutting at an angle, does not interfere with the machine.
More detailed information about the band saw is provided in this video.
Technical characteristics of band saw
The main technical characteristics of the band saw are:
• Cutting height (from 80 to 500 mm)
• Cutting width (from 190 to 590 mm)
• type of belt
• electric motor power
• The weight of the machine and the diameter of the pulleys.
Therefore, the right choice will be based on the expected dimensions of the workpiece to be processed and the selection of the saw blade. It is believed that models of band saw machines with a pulley diameter of up to 350 mm are light, with a pulley diameter of 430 to 530 mm are medium, and those with a diameter above 530 mm are heavy. Lentopilok lightweight machines are equipped with an electric motor up to 2 kW, machines light and heavy with an electric motor up to 4 kW, providing a continuous working process.
Types of belt
To cut the band saw of various materials to the belt, special requirements are imposed. For example, for cutting metals, preference is given to bimetallic webs consisting of two metals. The basis is a metal strip of spring flexible steel, the working part is a wire made of tool steel with milled and sharpened teeth.
The most common are ribbon cloths made of carbon steel. According to the type of heat treatment, the webs are separated:
• with the same hardness over the whole width Constant hardness
• with a flexible body and a solid tooth Flex back - Hard Edge
• webs, hardened to the full width Hard Back.
Cloth Constant hardness with the same hardness over the entire width is trouble-free on pulleys of small diameter. The hardness of the canvas is 45-48 units. on the HRc scale.
The band saw blade Hard Edge with a flexible body and a solid tooth has a special characteristic structure. The upper half of the tooth is hardened, leaving the saw blade body flexible. The hardness of the Flex back - Hard Edge is: the saw body - HRc 30-33, tooth hardness - 63-65.
Cloth Hard Back tempered over the entire width. In terms of manufacturability and complexity of production, the Hard Back cloth is "advanced". The hardness of the saw body is HRc 48-53, and the hardness of the tooth is 63-68.
The significant hardness of the tooth provides tremendous potential and resistance to blunting, while increased rigidity makes it possible to cut at large feeds.
For example, the bilork band saw blade made of high-quality alloy steel can withstand a significant number of sharpening.
How to sharpen band saws
In the process of sawing wood or metal, the teeth of a band saw lose the sharpness of the initial grinding. Therefore, it is necessary to sharpen the band saw. Any sharpening of the saw blade consists of the following stages:
• initial sharpening
• cleaning
• wiring
• Final sharpening.
To restore the cutting qualities of the teeth of the saw blade, special grinding machines are used.
The result of the initial sharpening is the removal of cracks in the axillary tooth, as well as the restoration of the profile of the tooth with symmetry in relation to the rest. At the cleaning stage, the remaining sawdust metal remains after sharpening. At the wiring phase, the front and rear corners are changed.
And, finally, the final sharpening corrects the distorted symmetry distortions of the front corner and sharpens the working edge of the tooth. Sharpening band saws with their own hands requires certain skills and techniques of work. Professionally produced sharpening restores the perpendicularity of the cutting edges. To return the teeth to a normal thickness, it is necessary to turn the saw edge deep enough.
How to sharpen band saws, this video will show.
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