Choosing the type of foundation of a new house, our dreams consist in the speed of its construction, minimum material costs and reasonable reliability. Such minimalistic criteria excellently recommend the screw foundation and technology of its erection. But before you start laying the foundation of the future home, you need to take advantage of the services of professionals and conduct engineering geological survey, to determine the type of soil, groundwater, etc, or simply bypass neighbors to get information about the place where you will build your house. Well, there is a project, data are received on the structure of the soil in the area, we begin to twist the piles.
Content
Where the infantry does not pass
For already a century the screw foundation is actively used in construction. This type of foundation has established itself as a universal base, and has therefore found universal application for supports, pillars and foundations.
What is the foundation of the screw, and for what types of soils it can be successfully applied? The use and use of a screw foundation was borrowed from military builders. Lightning construction of the screw foundation was carried out by the military in the shortest possible time. Complex soils succumbed to drilling screw piles even in inaccessible places with permafrost and high water content.
Complex soils of loams and loesslike soils, as well as clays in the fluidic state, were not a problem in front of the screw piles. Therefore, at the present time, the construction of a screw foundation is the optimal solution for unfavorable forecasts of geological studies of the soil in the section of the house under construction.
Sweetly twisted
For fans of "digging in the ground" with the laborious process of creating costly tape and monolithic foundations, screw piles under the foundation are of great interest.
To carry out the installation of the structure of a house or building, a screw foundation does not require preparatory work for clearing the site, leveling and cutting a soft layer. A famously twisted plot of "implementation" allows you to establish temporary and permanent foundations on the surface of any complexity, and, mind you, without trying to correct the natural relief.
In addition, the screw foundation, the price of which is negligible compared to the traditional foundation of the tape, makes you pay attention to yourself. Due to the design, the screw pile makes the given path, quickly and easily reaching the calculated depth of occurrence. It's easy to guess that everything is in the unique design of the screw pile.
Design of screw pile and foundation technology
Structurally, the pile is a steel pipe having a blade of a certain type. The main elements of the pile are:
• Heading
• cylindrical barrel
• spiral blade
• tip.
The outer part of the pile tube is galvanized and has a high quality anticorrosion coating produced with sandblasting of the surface layer. The bottom of the pile is screwed with a variable-width blade that ends with a pointed tip. Piles of screw are distinguished by the diameter and length of the cylindrical trunk.
In the upper part of the pile there is a technological hole for the installation of the working rod, by means of which the torque is transmitted to the spiral shaped blade of a certain configuration.
The spiral-shaped blade should be of the correct shape, and reliably welded to the cylindrical barrel and tip.
When laying the foundation on the screw piles and immersing the barrel at the projected depth, the inner cavity of the steel pipe is filled with concrete. Monolithic construction, which has a reinforced steel shell, increases the bearing capacity of piles.
Technologically, the piles are screwed to a depth of about 1.5 meters. If there is a layer of subsidence ground, the piles are drilled until the thickness of the subsidence layer is overcome. To increase the load-bearing capacity, the technology of "injection" of concrete solution is used. Such treading procedure by introducing a concrete solution into the barrel increases the stiffness density of the near-shell massif. This reduces the load on the piles.
Types of screw piles
Piles of screw are distinguished by the method of manufacture:
• Welded
• cast
• combined.
Piles welded type have a conical end, equipped with welded blades.
Cast screw piles have a one-piece tip and are a design with an extended service life.
For combined type of pile cone is made by casting with welded blades.
What parameters should pay attention when choosing a screw pile to build a house on a screw foundation? The main criterion of choice is the quality of the metal and the accuracy of manufacturing spiral-shaped blades, which are the main cutting link.
Judging by the reviews of the screw foundation on the Internet, the perpendicular position of the helical blade, located relative to the axis of the pile, determines the productivity of the drilling into the ground. The bearing capacity of the pile lies on the shoulders of the diameter of the trunk. For example, for light buildings, preference should be given to piles with a diameter of 9 cm or more. For a full house on a pile foundation piles with a diameter of 10-13 cm are necessary.
In addition to the subtleties in selecting piles for the foundation, it is important to calculate the pile field for construction.
Calculation of the pile field
Calculation of the pile field for the foundation is to evaluate and refine the loads that will have an effect on the foundation. The result of the calculation are the main characteristics of the loads and the optimal location, relative to the area of the foundation, the piles of screw.
The first step is to calculate the total load and weight of the house or building, which will "carry" the foundation.
Then the total weight of the building or house must be divided into a load-carrying characteristic in the place where the foundation is erected. By an approximate calculation, we calculate the minimum number of pile elements that are guaranteed to provide loads. The location of the piles is distributed according to the project of the building with the step of installation, regulated by regulatory documents.
The pitch of the screw piles is 1.5-3.0 meters between the next standing piles.
After calculating the necessary number of piles, loads and the estimated volume of concrete, you can start the construction of the screw foundation yourself.
In this you will help the proposed video.
With all due respect to the advanced technology of erecting foundations, the screw foundation has some drawbacks.
The disadvantages of a screw foundation include:
• It is not recommended to install a foundation on a rocky terrain with numerous stones of considerable size
• It is not recommended to install brick structures on piles.
However, a number of minor restrictions do not interfere with the technology of the screw foundation to become the most in demand.
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